I-Bhritane kunye namanye amazwe atyebileyo aya kucelwa ukuba amkele irhafu enyanzelekileyo kwiitikiti zeenqwelomoya zamanye amazwe kunye ne-fuel fuel yokunyusa iibhiliyoni zeedola ukunceda amazwe ahluphekayo kwihlabathi ukumelana notshintsho lwemozulu.
Iingcebiso ziza ekuqaleni kweveki yesibini kumjikelo wakutsha nje weengxoxo zemozulu ze-UN eBonn, apho amazwe ayi-192 aqala ukuthethana ngesivumelwano sehlabathi sokunciphisa kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi engcolileyo. Umba wenkxaso-mali yokulungelelanisa ubaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo kodwa kunzima ukuvuma.
Irhafu yokuhamba ngenqwelomoya, ekulindeleke ukuba inyuse ixabiso lokuhamba ixesha elide ngokungaphantsi kwe-1%, izonyusa i-10 yeebhiliyoni zeedola (£ 6.25bn) ngonyaka, itsho njalo.
Kucetyisiwe ngamazwe angama-50 amancinci aphuhlileyo. Inokutshatiswa ngumrhumo onyanzelekileyo kuwo onke amafutha eenqanawa zamazwe aphesheya, utshilo uConnie Hedegaard, umphathiswa wezendalo kunye namandla waseDenmark oza kubamba ingqungquthela yokugqibela ye-UN kwimozulu ngoDisemba.
“Abantu baqala ukuqonda ukuba iingcinga ezintsha zinokuvelisa imali eninzi. Icandelo lokuhambisa ngenqanawa laseDenmark, lelinye lawona mazwe makhulu ehlabathini, lithe inkqubo yokwenyani yehlabathi iyakusebenza kakuhle. IDenmark iyakuvuma oko, ”utshilo uHedegaard.
KwiBonn kwiveki ephelileyo, isindululo esahlukileyo saseMexico sokunyusa iibhiliyoni zeedola sasifumana umhlaba. Uluvo, olwaziwa njenge "green fund", luyakunyanzela onke amazwe ukuba ahlawule iimali ngokwefomyula ebonisa ubungakanani boqoqosho lwazo, ukukhutshwa kwegesi yazo eluhlaza kunye nabemi belizwe. Oko kunokuqinisekisa ukuba amazwe atyebileyo, anembali ende kakhulu yokusebenzisa iifosili, ahlawula kakhulu kwingxowa-mali.
Kutshanje, isindululo siphumelele indumiso evela kumazwe ali-17 kuqoqosho olukhulu lwentlanganiso eParis njengesixhobo esinokunceda ukuxhasa ngemali isivumelwano se-UN. Umthunywa okhethekileyo waseMelika malunga notshintsho lwemozulu, uTodd Stern, wayibiza ngokuba "yeyokwakha kakhulu".
Intlanganiso yeBonn yintlanganiso yokuqala yemozulu apho amazwe axoxa ngeetekisi. Ezi zigubungela ukunciphisa ukunciphisa igesi kunye nokuxhasa ngemali iinzame zamazwe asaphuhlayo zokulwa utshintsho lwemozulu.
Abahlalutyi bathe phezolo ukuba ezona ntetho zinokubangela ukuba bangabinamali. Amazwe asakhasayo, exhaswa yi-UN, athi bazakudinga amakhulu ezigidi zeedola ngonyaka ukuzilungelelanisa neentlekele ezinxulumene nemozulu, ukulahleka kwezityalo kunye namanzi, esele behlangabezana nawo njengoko amaqondo obushushu kwihlabathi liphela enyuka. Okwangoku ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, njengoko uphando lukaGuardian lwatyhila emva ngoFebruwari, amazwe atyebileyo athembise ngeebhiliyoni ezimbalwa zeedola kwaye anikezela ngezigidi ezilikhulu kuphela.
“Amazwe asakhasayo awasayi kuvuma ukubekelwa ecaleni. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, bezisiwe ebhodini [kuthethathethwano lwemozulu] ngezithembiso zenkxaso yemali. Kodwa konke abanako yayikukudala isibini semali esasihlala singenanto. Amazwe asaphuhlayo akazukuzinza ukufumana 'imali engaphezulu', ”utshilo uBenito Müller, umlawuli kwiziko leYunivesithi yaseOxford kwizifundo zamandla.
U-Saleemul Huq, we-International Institute for Environment and Development, uthe de amazwe atyebileyo enze izithembiso ezinzulu, zonke ezinye iingxoxo zizakubethabethana ngoba ngekhe kubekhona ukuvumelana ngezenzo ngaphandle kokwazi ukuba bazakuxhaswa njani.
Kwiveki ephelileyo, uthethathethwano wase-US, uJonathan Pershing, wathi i-US yenze uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali olungamakhulu amane ezigidi zeedola ukunceda amazwe ahluphekayo ukuba avumelane notshintsho lwemozulu njengenyathelo lethutyana. Kodwa loo mali yachithwa njengengonelanga nguBernarditas Muller wasePhilippines, ongumququzeleli weqela le-G400 nelase China.
