I-International Air Transport Association (IATA) ikhuthaze oorhulumente baseLatin America kunye neCaribbean ukuba bandise inzuzo yezoqoqosho kunye nentlalontle yokuhamba ngeenqwelomoya. Uphaphapho ngoku luxhasa imisebenzi ezizigidi ezisi-7.2 kunye ne-156 leebhiliyoni zeerandi kwimisebenzi yezoqoqosho kuwo wonke ummandla weLatin America neCaribbean. Oko kubonisa i-2.8% yayo yonke ingqesho kunye ne-3.3% yayo yonke i-GDP kummandla.

“Nangona la manani ancomekayo, igalelo leenqwelomoya lingaba likhulu nangakumbi. Ngokomzekelo, kummandla oMbindi Mpuma, izithuthi zomoya zixhasa i-3.3% yazo zonke ingqesho kunye ne-4.4% ye-GDP. Ukufezekisa amanqanaba afanayo eLatin America kuya kuthetha enye imisebenzi ye-1.3 yezigidi kunye ne-$ 52 yezigidigidi ezongezelelweyo kwigalelo le-GDP, utshilo u-Alexandre de Juniac, uMlawuli Jikelele we-IATA kwi-Airline Leaders Forum ehlelwe yiLatin America kunye neCaribbean Air Transport Association (ALTA).

U-De Juniac ukhuthaze oorhulumente ukuba bagxininise ekuphuculeni ukhuphiswano kunye nokuphucula iziseko zeenqwelo moya, ngelixa besebenzela ukulungelelanisa ulungelelwaniso kuwo wonke ummandla.

Khu phiswano

“ILatin America yindawo ebiza kakhulu yokwenza ishishini. Irhafu, umrhumo, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente ibeka umthwalo omkhulu kwiinqwelomoya kwaye ithintele ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya ngokwenza ukuba kubize kakhulu kunokuba bekuya kuba njalo, utshilo u-de Juniac. Umzekelo:

• Umgaqo-nkqubo wamaxabiso e-jet ye-jet yaseBrazil unyusa iindleko zenqwelomoya nge-255 yezigidi zeedola ngonyaka

• I-Mexico inomrhumo wokuphatha kwifomula yexabiso le-jet fuel elongeza i-45 yezigidi ezingaphezulu zeedola ngonyaka.

• I-Peru inerhafu yokukhuthaza ukhenketho kumatikiti, iyenza ibe yindawo engenakhuphiswano kangako; kunye nokuqokelela kwayo i-VAT kwiintlawulo ze-overflight kunye namatikiti amazwe ngamazwe yongeza kumthwalo weendleko ngelixa echasene nemigangatho ye-ICAO.

• I-Barbados isandula ukumisela i-$70 yerhafu yetikiti ngenqwelo-moya ezithatha ixesha elide kunye ne-$35 yokuhamba phakathi koluntu lwaseCaribbean iyenza ibe yindawo ebiza kakhulu.

“Le yimizekelo nje embalwa kwemininzi, yonke ebonisa ukuba oorhulumente abaninzi kakhulu babona ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya nokuhamba ngenqwelomoya njengento ekujoliswe kuyo kwirhafu enzima nemirhumo, kunokuba kube yinto evuselela ukukhula koqoqosho nokudala imisebenzi. Yimbono emfutshane leyo, ”utshilo u-de Juniac.

IColombia inikela umzekelo owahlukileyo. Ngo-2015, isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseCartagena sanciphisa umrhumo wesikhululo seenqwelomoya ukusuka kwi-92 yeedola ukuya kwi-38 yeedola. Kwenzeka ntoni emva koko? Abakhenkethi abafikayo benyuke ngama-38%. Inkcitho eyongeziweyo yabakhenkethi iya kwenza okuninzi kuqoqosho lwasekhaya kunokuba umrhumo wesikhululo seenqwelomoya unakho, utshilo u-de Juniac.

Izibonelelo

UDe Juniac naye ugxininise imfuno yeziseko zophuhliso ezaneleyo ukuxhasa iimfuno zangoku kunye nokukhula kwexesha elizayo. "Imiceli mngeni yomthamo kwiindawo eziphambili ezifana neBuenos Aires, Bogota, Lima, Mexico City, Havana kunye neSantiago zibhalwe kakuhle. Ngaphandle kokuba zisonjululwe, uqoqosho lwalo mmandla luya kudodobala.” Ucaphule imizekelo yamanyathelo asisiseko angenancedo:

• EMexico, kuyadanisa kakhulu ukuba urhulumente ujonge ukurhoxisa iprojekthi yokwakha indawo entsha yomoya wamazwe ngamazwe eMexico City eTexcoco. Ifuthe loqoqosho lokungakhiwa kwendawo ekumgangatho wehlabathi liya kuvakala kwimisebenzi nakuhlumo loqoqosho. Isigqibo sanamhlanje sibuyisela umva ishishini leenqwelomoya kunye noqoqosho lwaseMexico. (Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe jonga amaNqaku abaHleli.)

• EPeru, ukulibaziseka okude ekwakhiweni kwetheminali entsha kunye nomgaqo weenqwelo-moya e-Lima kube nefuthe kuphuhliso lwelizwe njengendawo yommandla.

• E-Jamaica, urhulumente uceba ukutyala i-60 yezigidi zeerandi kwiimali eziqokelelwe kwiintlawulo zabakhweli ukuze kwandiswe umgaqo weenqwelo-moya ngokungeyomfuneko eMontego Bay. Imali inokuchithwa ngcono ekuphuculeni amava abakhweli kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya.

U-De Juniac waphawula ukuba kukho uphuhliso oluhle, kubandakanywa ukusebenzisana ne-Argentina, i-Aruban kunye neziphathimandla zaseBrazil ukuxhasa iinzame zabo zokwamkela indlela yanamhlanje kunye nentsebenziswano yokucwangciswa kwesikhululo seenqwelomoya esixhamla bonke abachaphazelekayo. Ukwamkele ukuthotywa kukarhulumente waseChile kutsha nje kwintlawulo yesikhululo seenqwelomoya eziya kukhulisa ukhuphiswano lwayo malunga ne-418 yezigidi zeedola ukuya ku-2022, xa kuthelekiswa neshedyuli yentlawulo yokuqala.

Ulungelelwaniso

Ulungelelwaniso lolawulo lukwabalulekile. “Iinkampani zeenqwelo moya kule ngingqi ziphambili ekudaleni imodeli yamashishini ezizwe ngezizwe. Abathengi baye baxhamla ngokufikelela kuthungelwano lweendlela ezinkulu kunye neendlela ezininzi zokudibanisa. Nangona kunjalo, umda opheleleyo wobuchule obunokwenzeka awufezeki, kuba imimiselo ihlala isekelwe kuzwelonke kwimimandla efana noqeqesho, ukukhutshwa kweelayisenisi kunye nokubhaliswa kweenqwelomoya. Oku kuthintela amathuba anje ngokukwazi ukuhambisa ngokulula inqwelomoya kunye nabasebenzi kuthungelwano lwenqwelomoya ukuze bahambelane neemfuno zentengiso,” utshilo u-De Juniac.

Kutshanje, kuye kwakho amanyathelo aluncedo. “IBrazil iye yakhulula imithetho yayo yokutshintshana kweenqwelo-moya, isenza kube lula ukutshintshela iinqwelo-moya zenkampani engumzali omnye kwilizwe. Kwaye kuMbindi Merika, amazwe amathandathu angamalungu e-Cocesna apasise umthetho omisela iimfuno zazo zonke iilayisenisi ze-aeronautical-abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya, abagadi kwikhabhinethi, amagcisa njalo njalo-ukuze iphepha-mvume kwilizwe elinye libe semthethweni kuwo onke amazwe aseCocesna [eBelize, eCosta Rica, El. Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua].

“Kusekuninzi ekusafuneka kwenziwe. Ixesha elidlulileyo leengxoxo ezinzulu phakathi kwabalawuli kunye nabachaphazelekayo ukufumana iindlela zokuvula ixabiso elongezelelweyo ukusuka kuhlengahlengiso olwenzeka eLatin America, "kusho u-de Juniac.