UPaul-Émile Borduas ngokusemthethweni nguMntu oBalulekileyo kwimbali yeSizwe eCanada

UPaul-Émile Borduas nguvulindlela wobugcisa obungabonwayo eCanada. Ilifa lakhe lobugcisa likhethekile, ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.

UPaul-Émile Borduas wazalwa ngowe-1905 eSaint-Hilaire (ngoku eyiMont-Saint-Hilaire), eQuebec. Njengomfundi omncinci wokupeyinta u-Ozias Leduc, wafunda e-l'École des beaux-arts de Montréal, emva koko waqhubeka noqeqesho lwakhe eParis ngeminyaka yoo-1920. Ngo-1948, emva kokudalwa kwentshukumo yeAutomatist, wapapasha isincoko esinesihloko esithi Refus Global.

Le manifesto inamandla, ibhalwe nguBorduas eSaint-Hilaire kwaye yasayinwa ngamanye amagcisa alishumi elinesihlanu kwiqela le-Automatistes, yabangela ukusabela okunamandla eQuebec. Kolu xwebhu lweflegi, iBorduas icela umngeni kumaxabiso emveli yaseQuebec kwaye ibiza uluntu olukhululekileyo oluvuleleke kwihlabathi. Iimbono ezichasayo zikaBorduas zakhokelela ekubeni aphulukane nomsebenzi wakhe wokuba ngunjingalwazi e-École du meuble de Montréal.

Ngo-1953, ngenxa yeemeko ezinzima zokuphila, uBorduas wemka eMontreal waya eNew York, apho wayenethemba lokuzibonakalisa kwilizwe lamazwe ngamazwe. Kulapho wafumanisa khona i-abstract expressionism, eyanika amandla amatsha kwimizobo yakhe. UBorduas uqaqambile kumboniso wamazwe ngamazwe ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwakhe kwiimyuziyam ezininzi kunye nemiboniso yegalari. Ukwamele iCanada kwimiboniso emininzi yehlabathi. Ngo-1960, emva kokufa kwakhe wawongwa ngembasa yeGuggenheim International ngomzobo wakhe Inkwenkwezi emnyama (1957), ethathwa njengomnye wemisebenzi yakhe yobugcisa.

URhulumente waseKhanada, ngokusebenzisa iiNdawo zeMbali kunye neBhodi yeZikhumbuzo zaseCanada kunye neePaki zaseCanada, uqaphela abantu ababalulekileyo, iindawo, kunye nemisitho eye yabumba ilizwe lethu njengenye yeendlela zokunceda abantu baseCanada banxibelelane nexesha labo elidlulileyo. Ngokwabelana ngala mabali, sinethemba lokukhuthaza ukuqonda kunye nokucamngca ngeembali ezahlukeneyo, iinkcubeko, izinto ezishiyekileyo, kunye neenyani zexesha elidlulileyo nelikhoyo laseCanada.

Obekekileyo uSteven Guilbeault uMphathiswa wezeNdalo kunye noTshintsho lweMozulu kunye noMphathiswa onoxanduva lweePaki zaseCanada wathi:

“Izibizo zembali yesizwe zibonisa iinguqu kwimbali yaseKhanada. Bebonke babalisa ibali lokuba singoobani kwaye basisondeze kwixesha lethu elidlulileyo, bekhulisa ukuqonda kwethu thina, omnye nomnye kunye nelizwe lethu. Elinye lamagcisa abalaseleyo kwimbali yaseQuebec, uPaul-Émile Borduas uncedise ekukhuthazeni imibono enenkqubela phambili kwiphondo. Umsebenzi wakhe obalaseleyo umelwe ngokukodwa kwiimyuziyam zaseKhanada, kwaye usengomnye wabapeyinti abanempembelelo baseKhanada kwinkulungwane yama-20.

UPaul-Émile Borduas

Uzalelwe eSaint-Hilaire, uPaul-Émile Borduas (1905-1960) wafunda njengegcisa lezenkolo kwaye waba yinkokeli yombutho weAutomatiste. Funda ibhayografi yakhe apha.

“Ukuchongwa nguRhulumente waseKhanada kaPaul-Émile Borduas (1905-1960) njengomntu ongokwembali yesizwe kubalaselisa ukubaluleka kwakhe kwimbali yobugcisa baseKhanada yaye, ngokubanzi, kwimbali yaseQuebec neKhanada yanamhlanje. Ubunkokeli bukaBorduas kunye nokuzinikela ekufuneni izenzo ezintsha zobugcisa kwakhokelela ekusekweni kwentshukumo yeAutomatist, eqhubeka nokukhuthaza amagcisa amaninzi anamhlanje. Olu bizo lithuba lokuba abantu baseCanada bajonge ngakumbi ixesha elibalulekileyo kwimbali yethu, nokufunda ngakumbi ngelifa likaPaul-Émile Borduas. "

UGeneviève Létourneau, uMphathi Jikelele, iMyuziyam yaseMont-Saint-Hilaire yoBugcisa obuBuse

Iinkcukacha ezikhawulezayo

• Ekuqaleni kwee-1940s, phantsi kwempembelelo yeentshukumo ze-avant-garde zaseYurophu ezifana ne-surrealism kunye nemibhalo ka-André Breton, uBorduas wasishiya isimbo sakhe esifuziselayo waza wajikela kwipeyinti engabonakaliyo ngaphakathi koko kamva kwaziwa ngokuba yi-Automatiste movement. Kungekudala emva koko, waseka iqela le-Automatistes kunye namanye amagcisa aselula.
• Kwiminyaka eyandulela ukufa kwakhe, uBorduas wabonisa umsebenzi wakhe eLondon (1957 no-1958), eDüsseldorf (1958) naseParis (1959). Wayemele iKhanada kwi-Bienal de São Paulo (1955) kunye ne-World Expo Brussels (1958). Wafela eParis ngoFebruwari 22, 1960, ebanjwe yintliziyo eneminyaka engama-55.
• Ulonyulo loluntu ubukhulu becala luqhuba inkqubo yokubekwa phantsi kweNkqubo yeSizwe yeSikhumbuzo seMbali yeParks Canada. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, zingaphezu kwama-2,260 izibizo eziye zenziwa kwilizwe lonke. Ukutyumba umntu, indawo, okanye isiganeko sembali kwindawo yakho.

Ngenisa ulonyulo

Inkqubo yokutyumba, iimfuno, iingcebiso, uphononongo, ukuvunywa, kunye neendlela.

• Yayilwa ngo-1919, iBhodi yeeNdawo zeMbali kunye neMikhumbuzo yaseCanada icebisa uMphathiswa wezeNdalo kunye noTshintsho lweMozulu malunga nokubaluleka kwesizwe kwabantu, iindawo, kunye neziganeko eziphawule imbali yaseKhanada. Kunye neParks Canada, iBhodi iqinisekisa ukuba izifundo ezibalulekileyo zembali yesizwe zivunywa phantsi kweNkqubo yeSizwe yeSikhumbuzo seMbali yeParks Canada kwaye la mabali abalulekileyo kwabelwana ngawo nabantu baseKhanada.
• IParks Canada izibophelele ekusebenzisaneni nabantu baseCanada kwiinzame zethu zokubalisa amabali abanzi, abandakanya ngakumbi kwiindawo ezilawulayo. Ukuxhasa le njongo, i Isakhelo seMbali kunye neSikhumbuzo ichaza indlela entsha, ebanzi, nebandakanyayo ekwabelaneni ngembali yaseKhanada ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka nokukhanyisa ngamaxesha anzima kunye nobunzima bexesha elidlulileyo laseKhanada.