I-SAS Scandinavia Airlines kudala ikhuthaza ukuphuhliswa okuzinzileyo ngokunxulumene nendalo. Isikhundla esibonisa ulwalamano loluntu lwaseScandinavia ngokubanzi kwindalo. I-airline ihlala iyenye yezona zinto zintle kwihlabathi liphela ukujonga ukunciphisa ifuthe lemisebenzi yayo kwindalo esingqongileyo kwaye inokusetyenziswa njengomlinganiso wabanye abathwali. UMartin Porsgaard Nielsen, "UMnu SAS uMnu okusingqongileyo" unika eTurboNews umfundi umbono wangaphakathi wokuzibophelela kwe-SAS.
Zeziphi iinkalo iSAS ebandakanyeka kuzo ukwenza igalelo ukunciphisa ifuthe lokusingqongileyo kwimisebenzi yayo yezothutho lomoya?
UMartin Porsgaard Nielsen: Zizixhobo ezine zokuphumeza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo: sinokuphembelela ngokuthe ngqo kwizinto ezimbini zokuqala eziyimilinganiselo yokusebenza kunye nophuhliso lobuchwepheshe; sinezwi kwesesithathu esisisiseko kwaye kufuneka sisebenze ngemilinganiselo yezoqoqosho, ubukhulu becala irhafu.
Ngaba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso epetroli yeyona nto ikhuthazayo yokwenza ngokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweenqwelomoya?
Nielsen: Ukuba ndixela ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli kumele ngaphezulu kwe-95 yepesenti yazo zonke iimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo, uluntu luya kuqonda ukuba amaxabiso anyukayo ayanyuka ukuze athathe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza ukunciphisa iindleko zethu. Ukunciphisa iindleko kuthetha ukujonga isisombululo sokutshisa kancinci kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Siqala silungelelanisa uthungelwano lwethu ngokucutha iinqwelomoya ezingenangeniso encinci, ukudibanisa iifrikhwensi kwiindlela ezixinana kakhulu kunye nokumisa ezinye iinqwelomoya ezili-11. Siya ngokwanda ukubandezeleka ngenxa yomthamo ogqithisileyo njengoko amafutha esiba ebiza kakhulu. Ukususela ngo-2005, saqala inkqubo ngenjongo yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha ngeepesenti ezi-6 ukuya kwi-7 ekhulwini ngo-2011. Kufuneka sibe sele sifikelele kwi-3 ekhulwini ekupheleni kuka-2008. Zininzi iindlela zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli: ukwandisa ubunzima benqwelomoya. , ukunciphisa isantya senqwelomoya, ukwenza iinqwelo-moya zethu zibe zezanamhlanje ngenqwelomoya ezisebenzisa kancinci okanye zitshintshe neenkqubo zethu zokubhabha. Injongo yexesha elide yoshishino lwethu kukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwekharbon diokside (CO²) kumkhweli ngamnye ngeepesenti ezingama-50 ngo-2020 ngokukhula komndilili womsebenzi wethu ngeepesenti ezi-4…
Uthetha ngokutshintsha kweenkqubo zenqwelomoya. Zisebenza njani iinkqubo zakho zokufika okuluhlaza?
U-Nielsen: Siqhele ukusebenzisana nabasemagunyeni kuzwelonke abalawula izithuthi zomoya ukujonga iindlela zokubhabha ngeyona ndlela. I-SAS ngumzekelo wenqwelomoya yokuqala eYurophu ukwazisa indlela eluhlaza, inkqubo eqhutywe ngentsebenziswano neSweden Civil Aviation [Luftfartsverket]. Indlela eluhlaza yeyomzuzwana yenziwe kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya saseStockholm Arlanda kunye neBoeing 737 kunye ne-Airbus A340 kwindlela yaseChicago. Ibandakanye ukuhla kwenqwelo-moya okumalunga nama-2,500 ukususela ekuqaleni kwayo ekupheleni kuka-2006. Le yinkqubo entsonkothileyo, efuna uqeqesho olugqibeleleyo kubalawuli beenqwelo-moya njengoko kufuneka babe sele belandelele inqwelo-moya kwimizuzu engama-42 phambi kokuba ifike. Abalawuli bezithuthi zomoya kunye nabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka emva koko banxibelelane ukuze bafumane eyona ndlela imfutshane yokufika, ngenxa yoko eyona misitho isezantsi inokwenzeka. Ngokomndilili, oko kumisa konga malunga ne-150 kg yamafutha okanye i-450 kg ye-CO² ekhutshwayo. Isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseGothenburg sazisa indlela eluhlaza kulo nyaka. Ngoku sithetha nesikhululo seenqwelomoya saseCopenhagen kwakunye neNorway Civil Aviation ukujonga ukuphunyezwa okunokwenzeka apho.
Kuthekani ngokonga ngokunciphisa isantya? Ngaba ayibeki abakhweli esichengeni njengoko belahlekelwa lixesha emoyeni?
I-Nielsen: Ukonga ngokunciphisa isantya ngama-60 ukuya kuma-70 km kuqikelelwa ukuba konga phakathi kwama-250 nama-300 eekhilogram zamafutha ngenqwelomoya nganye. Sizama iinqwelomoya ngesantya esincitshisiweyo kwindlela yaseOslo-Bergen. Iguqulela abakhweli kwimizuzu emithathu ngaphezulu kwixesha lokubhabha xa kuthelekiswa nethayimthebhile yangaphambili. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba inyamezeleka ngokugqibeleleyo kubakhweli.
Ngaba ujonge eminye imithombo yeoyile?
Nielsen: Besisoloko sixhasa izazinzulu zaseSweden ngokusebenzisana neVolvo Aero kunye noRhulumente waseSweden ukuba basebenze ekuphuhliseni isibaso senqwelomoya entsha exuba i-petroleum yemveli kunye nemathiriyeli ekrwada enokuhlaziywa. Kufuneka ndigxininise ukuba sifuna kuphela ukusebenzisa i-biomass engeyiyo izityalo zokutya ezifana ne-algae. Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-biofuel yesizukulwana sesibini okanye sesithathu. Ukuveliswa kwepetroli okutsha okunjalo kungasinceda ukuba sinciphise ukukhutshwa kweCO² ngeepesenti ezili-15 ukuya kuma-20 epesenti.
Ukwenza ukuba iziseko zophuhliso zisebenze ngokukuko kukuhlengahlengisa ulawulo lolawulo lwezithuthi zomoya. Uphumelela kude kangakanani ukutshintsha izinto?
Nielsen: Ulawulo olulungelelanisiweyo lolawulo lwezithuthi zomoya ngeSibhakabhaka saseYurophu esinye singatolika ukongiwa kwepetroli nge-10 leepesenti ukuya kwi-15 leepesenti kunye neziphumo ezifanayo zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. Sisebenza sele sisebenza ngokusondeleyo kakhulu kunye ne-ATC kumazwe aseScandinavia naseBaltic ukwenza iNordic Single Sky. Intsebenziswano sele iqalile phakathi kwabasemagunyeni bezophapho baseDenmark naseSweden ngeziphumo ezincumisayo.
Abanye abasemagunyeni kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya eScandinavia bakhalaza ngelithi ukwaluphala kweenqwelo moya okugugileyo kungumthombo wongcoliseko. Uphendula uthini kule nto?
Nielsen: Kuyinyani ukuba i-MD80 yethu kunye nenye yeeBoeing 737 zethu ziphuma kwisizukulwana sangaphambili, ngaphandle kwento yokuba zinqwelomoya ezongayo kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, iinqwelo ze-SAS sele zenziwe ngeepesenti ezingama-75 zeenqwelomoya zesizukulwana esitsha. Ngokumalunga nama-25 ekhulwini aseleyo, asinaso nasiphi na isicwangciso sokuzitshintsha ngoko nangoko. Siza kwenza isaziso ngohlaziyo lwezithuthi zethu ezirhuqwayo ezimfutshane neziphakathi kwisithuba seminyaka emi-3. Sijamelene nengxaki: ngaba sifanele sitshintshe inqwelo-moya yethu ngokuthe ngcembe ngenzuzo ekhawulezileyo yokunciphisa ingxolo nokonga amafutha ngeepesenti ezili-10 ukuya kwi-15 ekhulwini okanye ngaba simele silinde isizukulwana esilandelayo senqwelo-moya? Abavelisi abafana ne-Airbus kunye ne-Boeing baqikelela ukuba isizukulwana esitsha senqwelomoya siya konga ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-30 ekusetyenzisweni kwamafutha. Noko ke, inqwelo-moya enjalo ayinakulunga ngaphambi kuka-2016. Okwangoku, siphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kwenqwelo-moya yethu. Sisanda kongeza amaphiko kwiinqwelomoya ezingama-20 ezizisa ukongiwa kwamafutha ngeepesenti ezi-2 ukuya kwisi-3 ekhulwini.
I-SAS yenye yeenqwelomoya ezimbalwa ezixhasa iNkqubo yokuThengisa iMveliso eYurophu. Ngoba?
Nielsen: Sifumanisa ukuba yindlela efanelekileyo yokuphumeza iinqwelo-moya kwiskimu sembuyekezo yekhabhoni njengoko kuya kunceda ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa ngokufanelekileyo. Sicinga ukuba le nkqubo ilungile kuneerhafu ezahlukeneyo zelizwe kunye neentlawulo ezithwala imboni yeenqwelo moya namhlanje ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa naluphi na uhlobo lobuchule kwinjongo yabo. Iskimu sokurhweba esicetyiweyo siya kwamkeleka ukuba asithinteli iinqwelomoya ukuba ziqhubeke nokukhula.
