Ingxelo yecandelo leenqwelo moya zakutshanje liqikelela ukuba inqwelomoya yengeniso yenqwelomoya kwiibhiliyoni ezingama-65 zeedola kwihlabathi liphela ngo-2018.
Unyaka ngamnye i-IdeaWorksCompany ihlalutya ukubhengezwa kwengeniso encedisayo kwiinkampani zeenqwelo moya kwihlabathi liphela. Ezi ziphumo zisetyenziselwa uluhlu olukhulu lwabaphetheyo (ababebala i-175 ye-2018) ukuqikelela imisebenzi yengeniso encedisayo yeenqwelomoya zehlabathi. Umsebenzi we-la carte yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yengeniso encedisayo kwaye inezixhobo abathengi abanokongeza kumava abo ohambo ngomoya. Oku kubandakanya imirhumo ehlawulwa kwimithwalo ekhangelwe, izihlalo ezabelweyo, ukutya kwibhodi, ukutya kwasekuqaleni, kunye nokuzonwabisa ebhodini.
U-Aileen McCormack, igosa eliyintloko lezorhwebo leCarTrawler, uthe: “Ingeniso ye-la carte, okanye ukongezwa okongeziweyo abathengi abanokongeza kwiinqwelo zabo zokuthenga ngenqwelomoya, kubonise ukukhula okubalaseleyo kwihlabathi. Inani elipheleleyo lengeniso liye laphindaphindeka kabini kwixesha elifutshane leminyaka emihlanu. Akumangalisi ukuba isixa sikhule eYurophu nakuMntla Melika. Olona lwando lukhulu luye lwenzeka eAsia, eAfrika nakuMbindi Mpuma. Ukukhula kwabakhweli kwiinqwelomoya kule mimandla kunoxanduva lwenxalenye elungileyo yeziphumo. Kodwa ngokucacileyo, kukho enye into eyenzekayo apha, kunye neenqwelomoya zemveli zibandakanyeka kwimisebenzi ye-la carte, kunye nokwanda kobukho babathwali bexabiso eliphantsi. Ingeniso encedisayo eneneni iyalitshintsha ishishini leenqwelomoya kwihlabathi liphela. ”
Itheyibhile ye-Global Regions Snapshot ka-2018 ibonisa ngakumbi indlela umsebenzi we-la carte ohluka ngayo ngokwengingqi. Ukuxhaphaka kwabathwali beendleko eziphantsi kummandla ngokwenene kuqhuba inqanaba lengeniso encedisayo; i-concentration ephezulu yabathwali bexabiso eliphantsi (LCCs) inyusa ingeniso encedisayo kunye neziphumo ze-la carte.
• IYurophu inkqenkqeza phambili kwihlabathi ngomsebenzi we-la carte kwaye ii-LCC zenza phantse i-25% yengeniso yokusebenza yeenqwelo-moya ezisekelwe eYurophu naseRashiya. Lo mmandla ulikhaya kwezinye zezona ndawo zinkulu zengeniso ezincedisayo emhlabeni: EasyJet, Eurowings, Norwegian, kunye neRyanair. Iintshukumo zakutsha nje zabathwali bothungelwano behlabathi jikelele baseYurophu, abanje ngeAir France/KLM, iBritish Airways, kunye neQela leLufthansa, ukuphumeza amaxabiso oqoqosho olusisiseko kwiindlela eziwela iAtlantiki, ixhasa elona nqanaba liphezulu lomsebenzi wela carte ehlabathini.
• UMntla Melika unongenelo olusezantsi lweLCC (nge-10.5%), kodwa oku kungatsibela phantse kuma-22% ukuba uMzantsi-ntshona ubalwa njengomthwali weendleko eziphantsi. Kodwa umgaqo-nkqubo othi “iingxowa zibhabhe simahla” uthintela iziphumo ezibalulekileyo ze-la carte. Uphuhliso lwamva nje lweenqwelomoya ezinkulu ezi-3 zothungelwano lwehlabathi (eMelika, iDelta, neUnited) kukukhuthaza ukunyuselwa kumaxabiso aqhelekileyo oqoqosho ngokucutha okanye ukuhlawulisa ukufikelela kwizabelo zezihlalo. Lo msebenzi wophuculo, kunye nemirhumo yokuhlala eyabelweyo, unyusa ingeniso encedisayo kwezi nqwelomoya.
• Ngaphakathi kweLatin America, imali yomthwalo ngoku ivumelekile kwiinqwelomoya zasekhaya ngaphakathi eBrazil, kwaye ezi ziphunyezwe ngabathwali abakhulu belizwe: Azul, GOL, neLATAM. Abathwali bexabiso eliphantsi kunye neendlela ze-la carte ziya zixhaphake kakhulu. Ezi LCC zilandelayo zaqala ukusebenza kulo mmandla kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo: Flybondi (Argentina), JetSmart (Chile), Norwegian Air Argentina, kunye neViva Air Peru.
• Ummandla waseAsia/Pacific unenani elibalulekileyo labathwali bexabiso eliphantsi elidlula i-1 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwingeniso: AirAsia, AirAsia X, Cebu Pacific, Indigo, Jetstar, Scoot, SpiceJet, Spring Airlines, kunye neVietjet. Umsebenzi omninzi we-LCC ngoku uyenzeka e-China ngophuhliso lwe-9 Air, i-Beijing Capital Airlines, i-China United Airlines, i-Lucky Air, kunye ne-West Air. Ngawo wonke lo msebenzi, kuyamangalisa ukuba abathwali bothungelwano behlabathi baye bacotha ukwamkela iindlela zengeniso ezincedisayo.
• Abathwali be-Afrika kunye noMbindi Mpuma bebesoloko bengachasananga nentlawulo kwaye umsebenzi weLCC kulo mmandla ulandele ihlabathi liphela ngomda omkhulu. Nangona kunjalo, oku kutshintsha ngokucothayo nabathwali abathathu abakhulu beGulf (i-Emirates, i-Etihad, neQatar) bonke bazisa imirhumo eyabelwe yokuhlala ngexabiso eliphantsi lexabiso lokukhwela. Ezi nqwelo-moya zisaquka ibhegi etshekishwayo kwezi ntlawulo.
Umthetho wesithathu kaNewton wokunyakaza uthi, "Kuzo zonke izenzo, kukho ukusabela okulinganayo kunye nokuchaseneyo." "Isenzo" kwimeko yengeniso encedisayo kwihlabathi jikelele kukusasazeka okungapheliyo kwabathwali beendleko eziphantsi. INorwegian, Eurowings, kunye neWOW Air ziwucaphukisile ngokwenene umthetho omiselweyo wamaxabiso phesheya kweAtlantiki. Ngaphakathi kweYurophu, izinto ezithandwayo ze-easyJet, iRyanair, iVolotea, iVueling, kunye neWizz ziyaqhubeka nokwenza abathengi baseYurophu basebenzise imali yokugcina imali. "Impendulo echasayo" ibe yindlela ekhawulezayo yokufumana izinto zonke-ezincedisayo ngamagama amakhulu kunye namadala kakhulu kwi-aviation yorhwebo. Njengokuwa koluhlu lweedominoes, i-Air France/KLM, American, British Airways, Delta, Lufthansa, kunye ne-United baye bakhupha iinguqulelo zabo zexabiso lokukhwela kuqoqosho olusisiseko.
Ezi ntlawulo zenzelwe ukulinganisa abazala babo bexabiso eliphantsi ngokunikezela ngesihlalo sokuhamba-emoyeni. Ukongezwa kwebhegi etshekishwayo, isabelo sesihlalo, kunye nokukhwela okuphambili kubiza imali eyongezelelweyo kwaye ke ngoko kunegalelo kwingeniso ye-la carte. Okwangoku isenzo kunye nokusabela kuthintelwe ubukhulu becala kwiinqwelomoya zaseYurophu nase-US, nakwiindlela eziwela iAtlantiki. IAsia, iAfrika, noMbindi Mpuma azikachatshazelwa kukwanda koqoqosho olusisiseko. Le ngxelo icebisa ukufana kwentsholongwane, kodwa ingeniso encedisayo eneneni lunyango olusebenzayo. Uqoqosho lwehlabathi lubonakala luzimisele ukunikezela ngamaxabiso epetroli angazinzanga, anokuthi ehle okanye anyuke ngokungalindelekanga. Ikamva likwacebisa amaxesha oqoqosho anzima ngenxa yokungaqiniseki kwezopolitiko okanye iimfazwe zorhwebo ezikhulayo.
Ingeniso encedisayo, ebandakanya ukunyuswa okubonelelwa ngokuthengiswa kwe-la carte extras, isebenza njengothango oluchasene nayo yonke le ngozi. Isusa ukuguquguquka kweendleko zenqwelomoya kwinxalenye yengeniso yomthuthi. Yongeza imivuzo kwiinkampani zeenqwelomoya xa zisebenzisa amandla okuthengisa. Eyona nto ingcono, inika abathengi amandla okukhetha ixabiso lohambo lilonke elibalungeleyo. I-Ancillary kukugonywa ngokuchasene nentsholongwane yokungaphumeleli kwemali, ebonakala ihlala ikhona kwishishini lenqwelomoya.
