Kunqabile ukuba kube yinyani kunangoku, njengoko uninzi lwezabelo zeenqwelomoya e-US zikwisilayidi eside kwaye ezona zilungileyo zilinganiswa kukuncinane abalahlekileyo ngexabiso.
Kunyaka ophelileyo, imali yentengiso edityanisiweyo- ixabiso lesabelo sesitokhwe esiphindaphindwe ngenani lezabelo ezingekahlawulwa- kweenqwelomoya ezinkulu ezili-10 zehle ngeepesenti ezingama-57, zalahlekelwa ngama-23.5 ezigidi zeedola ngexabiso.
Ngaphandle kweSouthwest Airlines Co, ebime ngaphandle kuphela kuba iphantsi ngeepesenti ezili-12 kuphela, ixabiso lentengiso lezinye ezisithoba lehle ngama-73 eepesenti.
Umtyalomali onemali eninzi kunye nokungazi ngokusisiseko kwishishini leenqwelo moya unokuthenga yonke loo nto ngaphantsi kwe-18 yezigidigidi zeedola.
"Andilikhumbuli ixesha apho siye satshatyalaliswa amaxabiso eenqwelo moya," utshilo umhlalutyi wenqwelo moya waseWall Street, uJulius Maldutis.
Umnumzana Maldutis, umongameli wenkampani yakhe yokubonisana, i-Aviation Dynamics, usola yonke le ngxaki ngamaxabiso e-jet fuel. Iinqwelo-moya zazixabisa kakhulu xa amaxabiso amafutha ayephantsi kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo; njengoko amaxabiso e-jet amafutha ayenyuka, amaxabiso e-airline ehla, watsho.
"Ukuba ubuyela ku-Agasti ngo-2006, xa amaxabiso eoyile ebephantsi malunga neepesenti ezingama-50, izitokhwe zeenqwelomoya bezinyuke ngama-45 epesenti," utshilo uMnu Maldutis. "Ukususela ngoJanuwari wonyaka ophelileyo, amaxabiso e-oyile anyuke nje unyaka wonke, namaxabiso eenqwelo-moya zehla."
Ngoku, iindleko zepetroli zithathe indawo yeendleko zabasebenzi njengeyona ndleko inkulu kwimisebenzi yenqwelomoya, isenza ukuba ixabiso lesitokhwe senqwelomoya sixhomekeke ngakumbi kumaxabiso eoyile, utshilo uMnu Maldutis.
"Ikamva loshishino lweenqwelo-moya zase-US zonke zixhomekeke kwioyile," utshilo.
Amaconsi amakhulu
Okona kubethwa kakhulu phakathi kwezona ziphathi zilikhulu kuye kwaba yi-US Airways Group Inc., enexabiso lentengiso ebelinciphisile iipesenti ezingama-10 kulo nyaka uphelileyo: ukusuka kwi-92 yezigidigidi nge-2.7 kaJuni 27, ukuya kwi-2007 yezigidi zeedola ngoLwesihlanu.
Umphathi, owasekwa ngo-Septemba ngo-2005 xa iMelika West Holdings Inc. yadityaniswa neqela langaphambili le-US Airways Group yaza yayikhupha ngokhuseleko, yayinyuke yaya kuthi ga kwi-5.8 yezigidigidi ngoNovemba 2006 emva kokuba icebise ukudibana ne-Delta Air Lines Inc.
Eso siphakamiso sakhuthaza ukutsiba ngokubanzi kumaxabiso esitokhwe senqwelomoya njengoko abatyali zimali babecinga ukuba ukudityaniswa komntu omnye kufanelekile.
Nangona kunjalo, i-Delta iyichasile intengiso ye-US Airways, ethe yarhoxisa ibhidi yayo ngoJan. 31, 2007. IMidwest Air Group Inc. yakwala ukuthenga kwi-AirTran Holdings Inc. kwaye yakhetha ukuthenga ngasese. Ezinye izivumelwano zazihletywa kodwa azizange zenziwe.
Izabelo ze-AMR Corp., umzali weAmerican Airlines Inc., zifikelele kwi-40.66 yeedola ngoJan. 19, 2007, elona nqanaba liphezulu ukusukela ngoJanuwari 2001. Kodwa njengabanye abathwali, i-AMR ibonile ukuba izabelo zayo zithe chu ukusukela ngoko.
Kuvaliwe njenge- $ 5.22 yesabelo ngoJuni 12, ukugqiba ngolwesiHlanu kwi- $ 5.35.
Oko kubuyisela izabelo ze-AMR kumanqanaba abo orhwebo entwasahlobo ka-2003 xa inkampani yayithintele kancinci ukugcwaliswa kweefayile zesahluko 11.
Iinqwelo-moya ezenze ifayile yokukhuselwa kweSahluko se-11 zivele kwinkqubo yenkundla ngesitokhwe esitsha esinexabiso eliphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, loo manqanaba entloko awabonwanga kungekudala emva kokuba izabelo ziqale ukurhweba.
I-Delta yaqala ukuthengisa isitokhwe sayo esitsha ngoMeyi 3, 2007. Yavala olo suku nge-20.72 yeedola ngesabelo. NgoLwesihlanu, ivaliwe nge-5.52 yeedola, yehla ngepesenti engama-73 ukusuka kusuku lokuqala lokuvalwa.
I-Northwest Airlines Corp. yaqhayisa ngexabiso le- $ 25.15 nge-31 kaMeyi ka-2007, usuku lwayo lokuqala lokurhweba emva kokuphuma kwinkundla yokugqalwa njengongenamali. Njenge-Delta, emantla ntshona wabona izabelo zayo zanda kwixabiso ngosuku olulandelayo lokuthengisa, emva koko uqalise isilayidi. Izabelo zalo ngolwesiHlanu zivaliwe nge-6.31 yeedola, zehla nge-75 yeepesenti ukusuka kusuku lokuqala.
Nokuba ukudityaniswa kweDelta kunye noMntla-ntshona, kubhengezwe ngo-Epreli 14, khange abagcine amaxabiso esitokhwe. Izabelo zeDelta zehle ngepesenti ye-47 ukusukela ngala mhla, ngeMantla-ntshona kude neepesenti ezingama-44.
I-UAL Corp, umzali weUnited Airlines Inc., yaphuma kwinkundla yamatyala ekuqaleni kukaFebruwari 2006, yabona izabelo zayo zisondele kwi- $ 33.90 kusuku lwayo lokuqala lokurhweba ngoFebruwari 6, 2006. NgoLwesihlanu, izabelo zayo zazithengisa nge- $ 5.56 inye, ezantsi Iipesenti ezingama-84.
Ngapha koko, umtyali mali angazithenga zonke izitokhwe ze-UAL nge-700 yezigidi zeedola- okanye ngaphantsi nje kweentsuku ezintandathu kumvuzo kwi-Exxon Mobil Corp.
Kodwa ubuncinci abatyali mali kwezi 10 zeenqwelo moya zisenemali eseleyo. Abantu ababeka imali kwiziphathi ezifana neMAXjet Airways Inc., Aloha I-Air Inc., i-Skybus Airlines Inc., i-Eos Airlines Inc. kunye neSilverjet PLC bazibonile ezo zithuthi zihamba zigqibile kwaye zimile kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo.
I-Frontier Airlines Holdings Inc. iyaqhubeka nokusebenza kodwa kuye kwafuneka ukuba ifune ukhuseleko lweSahluko se-11 kubabolekisi. IChampion Air Inc. kunye neBig Sky Airways Inc.zange zibhange, kodwa ukunyuka kweendleko kwabangela ukuba bayeke ukusebenza, kwaye abanini zabelo kumnini weBig Sky, i-MAIR Inc., bavota ngolwesiHlanu ukuba baphelise kwaye baphume kwishishini. Iyunithi yeMesa Air Group Inc.'s Air Midwest iyakuyeka ukusebenza namhlanje.
Okungakumbi kubhengezo?
Umnumzana Maldutis uthe ngaphandle kokuba amaxabiso epetroli ayancipha, ezo ntsilelo zenqwelo moya sisiqalo nje.
"NgoSuku lwaBasebenzi, siza kube silibonile lonke iqela lezithuthi ezincinci zivaliwe," utshilo. Emva koko siza kubona umphathi omkhulu esiya kwiSahluko 11. Ukuba ioyile iye kwiidola ezili-150 nangaphezulu njengoko abanye beqikelela, “ngaba siza kulibona lonke eli shishini njengongenamali?” Mnu Maldutis wabuza.
Umtyalomali owaziwayo uWarren Buffett wazama isandla sakhe kutyalo-mali lwenqwelomoya ngo-1989, ebeka i-358 yezigidi zeedola kwisitokhwe esikhethwayo kwiqela lase-US Airways Group. Ubuye kumava ezimisele ukungabeki mali kwiinqwelo moya kwakhona, nangona inkampani yakhe yenze inzuzo enkulu kutyalo-mali.
Oko kwamkhokelela ekubeni enze olu luvo lokuba unomntu anokumfowunela ukuze athethe naye aphume kwimbono ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokutyala imali kwiinqwelomoya kwakhona. Kwileta yakhe yonyaka eyayisiya kubanini zabelo baseBerkshire Hathaway ngoFebruwari, uMnu Buffett ukhethe:
Olona hlobo lweshishini lubi kakhulu lelo likhula ngokukhawuleza, lifuna imali ebonakalayo ukuze likhule, lize emva koko lifumane imali encinci okanye lingafumani mali kwaphela. Cinga ngeenqwelo moya. Apha ithuba lokhuphiswano olomeleleyo luye lwangqineka lunqabile ukusukela ngemihla yeWright Brothers, utshilo uMnu. Buffett.
“Inene, ukuba ubungxowa-nkulu obabona kude ebekhona eKitty Hawk, ngewayebenzele ububele abo bamlandelayo ngokudubula u-Orville.
“Ukufunwa kwemali yenqwelomoya yenqwelomoya ukusukela oko kwakukhwela inqwelomoya okokuqala akoneliseki. Abatyalomali bathulule imali emngxunyeni ongenasiphelo, batsalwa kukukhula ngexesha ebekufanele ukuba bakruqukile ngalo, ”wongeze watsho.
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