I-Auckland-Iqela lamaphenyane amathandathu aphindwe kabini liza kunduluka ukusuka eFrench Polynesia ukuya eHawaii kulo nyaka uzayo emva kokufuduka kwakudala kwehlabathi.
Kodwa umgama oziikhilomitha ezingama-4,000 (iikhilomitha ezingama-2,500) ukusuka kumbindi wempuma yePolynesia kwisiqithi saseRaiatea ngabasebenzi abali-16 abasuka kwiziqithi ezithandathu zasePolynesia bajonge ukwenza okungaphezulu kunokudala imbali kwakhona.
“Eyona nto ibaluleke ngakumbi kunombono wexesha elifutshane wokuhamba ngesikhephe ukuya eHawaii ngumbono wexesha elide wokuhlaziya ubuchule bokuhamba ngenqanawa nezithethe zookhokho bethu,” utsho njalo uTe Aturangi Nepia-Clamp, umphathi weprojekthi yePacific Voyaging Canoes.
I<em>Maori New Zealander ithi le projekthi iza kwenza abantu basePolynesia babe neqhayiya nobuntu ngokubonisa oko kwafezwa ngookhokho abaye bahlalisa iziqithi ezincinane ezisasazeke kulwandlekazi olukhulu olugubungela ngaphezu kwekota yomhlaba.
“Ookhokho bethu babewenza la maphenyane ukuba angangeni manzi ngamaplanga angonelanga, besebenzisa izixhobo zamatye ukuze bawaqhekeze baze bawahlanganise, bewadibanisa ngentambo yekhokhonathi.
“Kwaye ke benza olu hambo lumangalisayo kumawaka eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba abantu baseYurophu bazithembe ukuba baza kuphuma emhlabeni,” uxelele i-AFP.
Malunga nama-3,000 ukuya kuma-4,000 eminyaka eyadlulayo, abantu baseLapita - ekukholelwa ukuba bafuduka okokuqala besuka emazantsi eTshayina ngaphambi kokuba basasazeke kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia - baqala ukuzinza iziqithi zaseMelanesia nasentshona yePolynesia.
Malunga neminyaka eli-1,000 XNUMX kamva inzala yabo yaqalisa ukunwenwela kwiziqithi ezikwimpuma yePolynesia, ekugqibeleni yafikelela kwimimandla yasePasifiki eHawaii, eNew Zealand naseEaster Island.
Ngaphandle kweemephu okanye izixhobo, oomatiloshe basePolynesia basebenzisa iinkwenkwezi, ilanga, ulwazi lokukhukhumala kolwandle kunye nemimoya ukuze baqhubele phambili iziqithi ezincinci ezinamachaphaza olwandle.
Uhambo olukhulu lwehlile ngo-1500 kwaye ngexesha abakhenkethi bokuqala baseYurophu batyelela iPasifiki ngenkulungwane ye-17 neye-18, amaphenyane amakhulu ahamba elwandle afunyanwa kuphela kwimimandla embalwa.
Ngoku, kwiyadi yesikhephe kwingalo ekwanti ye-Auckland's Waitemata Harbour, amaphenyane amathathu aphindwe kabini kuhambo olutsha sele akhiwe, kwaye amanye amathathu asaza kugqitywa ngoNovemba.
Lo msebenzi wobugcisa omhle nowomeleleyo, owakhiwe ngendlela eqhelekileyo kwiziqithi zaseTuamotu eFrench Polynesia, unamawele amabini aziimitha ezingama-22 ubude, adityaniswe liqonga elixhasa indlu encinane.
Iimasti ezingamawele ziphakama kangangeemitha ezili-13 (iinyawo ezingama-43) ngaphezulu kwedesika kwaye ikhusi elichweliweyo leemitha ezili-10 libuyela umva phakathi kweenqanawa, nganye kuzo ineebhanki ezisibhozo kunye nendawo yokugcina.
Nangona ifana ekwakhiweni kwayo, iphenyane ngalinye kula mathandathu liya kugqitywa ngemibala eyahlukileyo, imizobo nemikrolo evela kwiziqithi elithunyelwa kuzo.
Ngelixa ziyilwe ngokwesiko, iiholi zenziwe ngefibreglass, kwaye nezinye izinto zale mihla zisetyenzisiwe. Uhlobo oluchanekileyo lwezigodo ngoku alunakwenzeka ukuba lufumaneke kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwefiberglass kuthetha ukuba amaphenyane aya kuhlala ixesha elide.
UNepia-Clamp uthi: “Into ebalulekileyo ngamaphenyane athembekile kwinto eyayilwa zizinyanya.
ENew Zealand, kwiZiqithi zikaCook, iFiji, iSamoa, iAmerican Samoa, neTahiti abaphathi-mikhosi bakhethiwe yaye abasebenzi baza kuqalisa ukuqeqeshwa kolu hambo lubalaseleyo, yaye mhlawumbi kamva kongezwe abasebenzi baseTonga.
Uhambo luya kuhlawula imbeko kwiihambo zamandulo - oko umbhali-mbali waseNew Zealand uKerry Howe weYunivesithi yaseMassey echaza "njengenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo zomntu".
Kwi-Vaka Moana (iphenyane elihamba elwandle), incwadi ethi Howe ehlelwe kwindawo ekuhlalwa kuyo iPasifiki, uthi abemi beSiqithi sePasifiki baphuhlise ubugcisa bokuqala bamanzi aluhlaza ehlabathini.
"Ngeseyile kunye ne-outrigger, badala iinqanawa ezihamba elwandle ezinobunkunkqele kwaye benza njalo amawaka eminyaka phambi kwabantu kwenye indawo."
Ukuza kuthi ga kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ababhali-mbali abaninzi babekholelwa ukuba abantu basePolynesia basasazeke kwiPasifiki ngengozi, benamaphenyane asasazwe yimimoya engafanelekanga.
UNepia-Clamp, owaba nenxaxheba kuhambo lokuvuselela uhambo kwiminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo uthi: “Ndiyazi xa ndandisesikolweni ndafundiswa ukuba ookhokho bethu basePolynesia babengabahambi ngenqanawa ngempazamo, basuka bangqubeka emhlabeni.
“Ayingobakhenkethi ngempazamo, babuyela emva naphambili bakuba befumene umhlaba, babenenjongo kakhulu kwinto abayenzileyo.”
Ngeminyaka yoo-1970 uMbutho wokuVoyaging wasePolynesia wasekwa ukuvuselela izakhono zamandulo zokuhamba ngeenqanawa kunye nokuhamba ngenqanawa eHawaii kunye nokungqina ukuba iPolynesia yayinokuzinziswa kusetyenziswa amaphenyane okuhamba aphindwe kabini kunye nokuhamba ngenqanawa ngaphandle kwesixhobo.
Kamva eNew Zealand nakwiZiqithi zikaCook, kwaphinda kwakhiwa amaphenyane amatsha, adibanisa amaphenyane aseHawaii kuhambo lokusuka eRaiatea ukuya eHawaii ngowe-1995.
Ngoku iiPasifiki zokuVoyaging Canoes lilinge lokwandisa imvuselelo kulo mmandla kwaye ukhuthaze abantu abaninzi ukuba bafunde izakhono zemveli.
Umdlali we-New Zealand u-Rawiri Paratene, inkwenkwezi yefilimu i-Whale Rider, idlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuqulunqeni lo mbono kunye nokufumana inkxaso-mali kwisiseko sendalo esingqongileyo saseJamani i-Okeanos.
Emva kohambo lwalo nyaka uzayo, uNepia-Clamp ufuna ukuba abantu abakhenkethayo kwiziqithi ezahlukahlukeneyo baqhubeke besebenzisa amaphenyane ukuze bafundise ulutsha lweziqithi ubuchule obaphulukene nalo kwiminyaka yokuhamba ngenqwelo-moya.
Sele ebonile ukuzingca okudalwe kukuvuselelwa kohambo eHawaii.
“Sangena kwigumbi lokufundela eMolokai, isilingi yayihonjiswe ngeenkwenkwezi kwaye bonke abantwana banokuthiya nayiphi na inkwenkwezi eyayilapho.
“Babeneqhayiya ngokuthi ookhokho babo banokuyifumana indlela yabo kwaye bayawazi ubuchule ababusebenzisayo bokufumana indlela.
"Libhongo elihle elo kuyo nayiphi na inkcubeko yemveli."
