Umqhubi wenqwelomoya uvuyiswe ngokuhlalisa ijethi ekhubazekileyo kuMlambo i-Hudson waseNew York kwinyanga ephelileyo uthe ukuncitshiswa kweendleko kwishishini lenqwelomoya lase-US kunokubeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko lwabakhweli kunye nomgangatho weenqwelomoya eziqeshwa ngabathuthi.
"Ndinexhala lokuba umsebenzi wokuqhuba inqwelomoya awuzukwazi ukuqhubeka nokutsala abona babalaseleyo nabagqwesileyo," uChesley B. "Sully" Sullenberger III, ukapteni we-US Airways Group Inc., uxelele abenzi bomthetho ngobungqina namhlanje.
Iinkampani zeenqwelo moya ziye zalinganisa imisebenzi ukuze zimelane nokwehla kwemfuno yokuhamba ngexesha lokudodobala koqoqosho, kwaye uSullenberger uthe umvuzo wakhe uthotywe ngeepesenti ezingama-40 kwiminyaka yakutshanje. I-ditching ye-15 kaJan, apho bonke ababekhwele kwinqwelomoya basinda, ibonisa imfuneko yoqeqesho kunye namava ukuba ukucutha kunokutshatyalaliswa, uSullenberger uthe.
Kunokubakho "iziphumo ezibi kuluntu olubhabhayo nakwilizwe lethu" ukuba iinqwelomoya ziqhutywa ngabantu abanamava kwaye "akwanelanga" abaqhubi beenqwelomoya abaxatyisiweyo, utshilo.
“Amava akhoyo kunye nezakhono zabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaqeqeshiweyo belizwe lethu zivela kutyalo-mali olwenziwa kwiminyaka eyadlulayo xa sakwazi ukutsala abantu abanebhongo, abanetalente abasoloko befuna imisebenzi yobungcali enengeniso” kwenye indawo, utshilo uSullenberger.
USullenberger kunye nabasebenzi baphinda babalisa ngengozi yokufika kweCongress, njengoko wenzayo uPatrick Harten, umlawuli wezithuthi zomoya ophethe uphambuko lwesikhululo seenqwelomoya saseNew York iLaGuardia xa inqwelomoya isihla.
Kubaluleka koQeqesho
UHarten uthe wayecinga ukuba ijethi kunye nabakhweli bayo balahleka xa uSullenberger ebhengeza ukuba uza kuzama ukuhla emanzini.
“Abantu abasindi xa befika kumlambo i-Hudson,” utshilo uHarten. "Ndandikholelwa ukuba ngelo xesha ndiza kuba ngumntu wokugqibela ukuthetha naye nabani na kule nqwelomoya esaphila."
Ijethi ye-US Airways, ethwele abantu abayi-155, yaphelelwa ngamandla emva kokumka. Ibhodi yeSizwe yoKhuseleko kwezoThutho yathi kule nyanga i-Canada-goose ifunyenwe kwiinjini zombini, ixhasa ingxelo yabaqhubi beenqwelomoya ukuba inqwelomoya yabetha iintaka. Ilungu le-NTSB uSteven Chealander uthe i-arhente ayinakuze yazi ukuba zingaphi iintaka ezitshayiswe yinqwelomoya.
"Esi siganeko sibonisa ukubaluleka koqeqesho kunye nokulungiselela," kusho uSihlalo weKomitana ye-House Aviation uJerry Costello, i-Illinois Democrat. UCostello kunye namanye amalungu ephaneli bancoma abasebenzi ngezenzo zabo kwi-Hudson.
USullenberger, oneminyaka engama-58, usebenze eTempe, ese-Arizona esekwe e-US Airways ukusukela ngo-1980, ngokwewebhusayithi yenqwelomoya. Ungumqhubi wenqwelomoya womlo woMkhosi woMoya.
“Umele ezona moya zibalaseleyo,” utshilo uJames Oberstar, usihlalo wekomiti yezothutho yeNdlu kunye neMinnesota Democrat. "ULindbergh uya kuba nebhongo ngawe."
Hlawula Ukucuthwa
I-US Airways yafaka isicelo sokungabinamali kweSahluko se-11 ngo-2002 kwaye yaphuma ekukhuselweni kwenkundla ngo-2003. Yafaka isicelo sokutshona okwesibini ngoSeptemba 2004, yaza yavela ngoSeptemba ka-2005 ngokudibana kwayo ne-America West Holdings Corp.
I-US Airways yaphelisa izicwangciso zayo zomhlalaphantsi ngo-2005, ngaphambi kokuba ishiye imali, kwaye i-Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp. yaba yitrasti yezicwangciso. Inkampani yeenqwelomoya ikhusele ngaphezulu kwe-1.1 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngonyaka emsebenzini, umvuzo kunye nokunciphisa izibonelelo kwimibutho yabasebenzi ngelixa bebhanga.
“Umvuzo wam uthotywe ngeepesenti ezingama-40,” utshilo uSullenberger. "Umhlalaphantsi wam, njengoninzi lomhlalaphantsi wenqwelo-moya, uphelisiwe kwaye indawo yawo yathathwa sisiqinisekiso sePBGC esixabisa iipeni kuphela ngedola."
Imivuzo yePilot
Ukapteni we-Airways yase-US okwinqanaba eliphezulu lomvuzo kwaye ebhabha i-Airbus SAS A320 ufumana umvuzo osisiseko ubuncinane we-$125 ngeyure kwaye ubhabhe ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-72 ngenyanga, nge-9,000 yeedola ngenyanga, ngokutsho kwe-airlinepilotcentral.com, enceda abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ngenkqubela phambili yomsebenzi. . Igosa lokuqala le-12 leminyaka kwinqwelo-moya enye lifumana i-$ 85 ngeyure, okanye i-$ 6,120 ngenyanga. Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ezinkulu kwiindlela zamazwe ngamazwe bahlawulwa ngamaxabiso aphezulu.
Abathwali be-9 abakhulu base-US baye kunyaka ophelileyo ukuba bawise iijethi ezingama-460 kwaye banciphisa imisebenzi engama-26,000 njengoko amaxabiso e-oyile enyuka ukuya kwirekhodi. Ixabiso lepetroli yejethi, esulungekisiweyo ukusuka ekukrwada, lehle ngeepesenti ezingama-72 ukusukela kwincopho kaJulayi, oko kubangele uqikelelo lwabahlalutyi lwengeniso ehlangeneyo ka-2009 eya kuba yeyokuqala kweli shishini ukudodobala koqoqosho.
Ngokwahlukileyo, owayesakuba ngumhloli jikelele weSebe lezoThutho wathi abalawuli baseMelika babonise "i-inertia ye-bureaucratic" ngokusilela ukuphumeza izindululo zokhuseleko lwenqwelomoya, kubandakanya nezo zikwi-turboprops kunye ne-icing.
UMary Schiavo, ngoku oligqwetha leqela labameli bezokhuseleko abaceba ukumangalela i-Federal Aviation Administration yesebe, uthe abalawuli baye bamisa kumanyathelo anokuthi ancede ukuthintela iingozi. Isigxeko, esiphikisana ne-arhente, siza ngaphantsi kweeveki ezimbini emva kokuba inqwelomoya ye-Pinnacle Airlines Corp. yehla kwindawo enomkhenkce kufutshane neBuffalo, eNew York, yabulala abantu abangama-50.
Isimangalo esifuna ukunyanzela i-FAA ukuba isebenze kwiingcebiso zeBhodi yezoThutho yeSizwe iya kufakwa namhlanje kwinkundla yomanyano eWashington, utshilo uSchiavo izolo.
INTO ONOKUYITHATHA KWELI NQAKU:
- A US Airways captain at top pay scale and flying an Airbus SAS A320 earns base pay of at least $125 an hour and flies a minimum of 72 hours a month, for $9,000 a month, according to airlinepilotcentral.
- The price of jet fuel, which is refined from crude, has plunged 72 percent since a July peak, spurring analysts' estimates for a collective 2009 profit that would be the industry's first in a recession.
- Airlines have been paring jobs to cope with a drop in travel demand during the recession, and Sullenberger said his pay has been trimmed 40 percent in recent years.
