USuku lweNgonyama yeHlabathi (umhla we-10 kweyeThupha) lubhiyozela enye yezona ntlobo zibalaseleyo zoMzantsi Afrika, nangona kunjalo lihlile inani leengonyama zasendle, zikwagrogriswa ngorhwebo olukhulayo olugunyaziswe liSebe lezokusiNgqongileyo, amaHlathi nezokuLoba (DEFF).
ukusukela Ingxelo yokupheka labonisa ishishini lokuzingela leengonyama eMzantsi Afrika ngo-1997, amanani eengonyama athunjiweyo ande ngokuthe chu. Malunga ne-8 000 ukuya kwi-12 000 yeengonyama ezifuyiweyo zigcinwa kumaziko angaphezulu kwama-360 okuzala kweengonyama kwilizwe liphela. Uninzi lwezi lusebenza phantsi iimvume eziphelelwe lixesha ngelixa ukhona ukungathobeli noMthetho woKhuselo lweZilwanyana (i-APA) okanye imiThetho yokuSongelwa okanye yokuKhuselwa kweZityalo (i-TOPS).
The Iingonyama zegazi Uxwebhu (2015) kunye Umdlalo ongafanelekanga Incwadi (ka-2020) bobabini baveze ukuba ezi ndawo zokuzalela zihlala zibeka njani inzuzo phambili kunentlalontle. Iingonyama zihlala zinqongophele ezona mfuno zisisiseko zentlalontle, ezinje ukutya okwaneleyo namanzi, indawo yokuhlala eyoneleyo kunye nonyango. Ngaphandle komthetho owoneleyo okanye uphicotho lwentlalontle ukugcina amaziko ephendula, akukho nto inkuthazo yokugcina iingonyama zisempilweni, ngakumbi xa ixabiso lazo lifumaneka kumathambo azo.
"Sidinga izithethe kunye nemigangatho ehambelana ne-APA kwaye ethetha ngezona ndlela zintlalontle zifumanekayo," utshilo uDouglas Wolhuter, uMhloli oPhezulu weSizwe kunye noMphathi weCandelo loKhuselo lweZilwanyana zaseNSPCA.
ezi amaziko orhwebo iingonyama zasefama zokuphulula iipaki kunye neesafaris zokuhamba ezondla kumzi mveliso wokuzingela "enkonkxiweyo" (ekuthinjweni) kunye nentengiso yamathambo. Abanye baqhankqalaza ngobuqhetseba amanyathelo okunyusa njengeeprojekthi zolondolozo okanye ukuthengisa iingonyama kurhwebo olusemthethweni lwezilwanyana zasendle.
UMzantsi Afrika uthumele ngaphandle amathambo eengonyama amalunga nama-7 000 phakathi konyaka ka-2008 ukuya ku-17, ubukhulu becala ukuya eMzantsi-mpuma Asiya ukuze asetyenziswe kwi-tiger yethambo le-tiger kunye namayeza emveli. I-DEFF igunyazise inani lonyaka le-CITES lokuthumela kumazwe angaphandle ama-skeletons angama-800 ngo-2017. Ngelixa eli nani lenyuke laya kwi-1 500 kunyaka olandelayo, lancitshiswa laba ngamathambo angama-800 ngo-2018 ngenxa Isimangalo esiphumeleleyo se-NSPCA, apho iJaji uKollapen yagweba ukuba onke amasebe karhulumente anyanzelekile ngokusemthethweni ukuba athathele ingqalelo intlalontle yezilwanyana xa kubekwa isabelo samathambo engonyama. Akukho Quota imiselweyo ye-2020 njengoko izabelo ze-2019/20 zinqunyanyisiwe.
Imibutho eyahlukeneyo yezentlalontle yezilwanyana iye ubongoze i-DEFF ukuba isigxina kuthintele ukuthunyelwa kwamathambo engonyama kumazwe angaphandle, iindawo ezithile kunye neziphumo kunye nokutshabalalisa ingqokelela. I-DEFF ibanga ukuba isabelo sibeka umngcipheko ophantsi ukuya kumodareyitha kodwa ungeyongozi kwiingonyama zasendle zoMzantsi Afrika.
Ubungqina bubonisa ukwanda kwemfuno okoko uMzantsi Afrika waqala ukuthumela kumazwe angaphandle amathambo engonyama, kukhokelele ekwandeni kweziganeko zokuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni eMzantsi Afrika kwaye amazwe angabamelwane.
Iingonyama ezithinjiweyo zikudlula kude kuqikelelwa ama-3 490 afumaneka endle kuMzantsi Afrika uphela. Icandelo lokuzalisa ayinagalelo kulondolozo lweengonyama edlelweni. Akukho ziingonyama zibanjiweyo ziphinde zavuselelwa zibuyele endle.
Nge-Agasti ka-2018, emva kwe I-Colloquium ekuZalweni kweeNgonyama eziThathiweyo zokuzingela eMzantsi Afrika, IPalamente igqibe ekubeni makwenziwe umthetho ngenjongo yokuphelisa ukuzala kweengonyama elizweni. Ukuhamba kwexesha kuka-2019, uMphathiswa uBarbara Creecy waseka iPhaneli ePhakamileyo (HLP) yokujonga kwakhona imigaqo-nkqubo, umthetho kunye nolawulo lokufuya, ukuzingela, urhwebo nokuphathwa kweeNgonyama, iindlovu, imikhombe kunye nengwe.
Uxanduva lwentlalontle yezilwanyana zasendle ezithinjiweyo ziphakathi kwamagunya e-DEFF kunye neSebe lezoLimo, uHlaziyo loMhlaba noPhuhliso lwamaPhandle (i-DALRRD). Kwelinye icala, i-DALRRD idlulisela uxanduva kubaphathi bephondo, abathi bayigqithisele kwi-NSPCA. Ngelixa i-NSPCA izama ukunyanzelisa le migaqo ngokuhlola kwilizwe liphela, ayinazixhobo zaneleyo kwaye ayifumani nkxaso mali kurhulumente, ngelixa iKhomishini yeLottery kaZwelonke wayeka ukuxhasa ngezimali imali yezilwanyana kwi 2017
“Zingaphezu kwama-8 izibonelelo zezilwanyana zasendle eMzantsi Afrika. Kucacile ukuba ngaphandle kwenkxaso mali yokuqinisekisa abahloli, iimoto kunye nendawo yokuhlala, sikwisimo esimaxongo. Sidinga inkxaso yoluntu ukuze senze umahluko kwizilwanyana eMzantsi Afrika, ”utshilo uWolhuter.
Ngomhla wokugqibela kaNovemba 2020 osondela ngokukhawuleza, i-HLP ifumene ukugxeka okunamandla lokukhetha ukuthanda izinto zorhwebo, ngohlobo lwabafuyi bezilwanyana ezizingela ezinye, abazingeli bendebe, kunye nabaxhasi kurhwebo lwezilwanyana zasendle. Ayinabameli kukhuseleko, ukurhweba ngabantu ngokungekho mthethweni kwezilwanyana zasendle, izazinzulu ngendalo, intlalontle yezilwanyana, oogqirha besifo, amagqwetha okusingqongileyo kunye nabameli bezokhenketho.
Ingcali ye-HLP ekuphela kwayo kwezentlalo-ntle yezilwanyana zasendle, uKaren Trendler, warhoxa ngenxa yezizathu zobuqu kwaye u-Aadila Agjee, igqwetha lezendalo, owathi wonyulwa kodwa akakhange asebenze akakatshintshwa.
U-Este Kotze, usekela-CEO we-NSPCA, ukwalile ukutyunjwa kwakhe emva kokumenywa njengoko ingxelo yokuqala ye-HLP yayisele ingenisiwe. U-Audrey Delsink, woMbutho we-Humane Society wamanye amazwe-eAfrika kwicandelo lezilwanyana zasendle, ikwalile ukukhankanya ukungalingani kwabameli abathanda abo banomdla othe ngqo kwiziphumo zegqiza, njengoko lenzile igqwetha lezendalo u-Cormac Cullinan esithi “Ngokokubona kwam, imigqaliselo kunye nokwenziwa kwepaneli akubonisi ndlela-nye ayinakuphepheka ukuba iphaneli iya kukucebisa ukuba uqinise ukusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo kwezilwanyana zasendle kunye namalungu omzimba wasendle.
Ngelixa kungekho milinganiselo kunye nemigangatho yesizwe yolawulo, ukuphatha, ukufuya, ukuzingela kunye norhwebo lwezilwanyana zasendle ekuthinjweni, "i-NSPCA isebenza kwimemorandam yokuqonda kunye ne-DEFF ukuphucula ubudlelwane bokusebenza kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba intlalontle yezilwanyana zasendle ibaluleke kakhulu, Uqhubeka uWolhuter.
Ngelixa i-Animal Improvement Act (AIA) yahlonyelwa ngoMeyi 2019, ayenzanga malungiselelo entlalontle ngokubhekisele ekuzalelweni, ukugcinwa, ukuthuthwa kunye nokuxhelwa. Izilungiso ezicetywayo UMthetho weSizwe woLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo (I-NEMBA) yandlalwe phambi kwetafile, kodwa inesibonelelo esivumela umphathiswa ukuba alawule impilo-ntle yezilwanyana zasendle. Imigaqo ehlaziyiweyo ye-TOPS ilindele ukuvunywa kokugqibela liBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe ukusukela ngeyoMdumba yowama-2020. Ukusukela oko i-DALRRD yaqulunqa uMthetho-sihlomelo oYilwayo we-Animal Welfare ngo-Novemba 2019 ukuze ithathe indawo ye-APA kunye ne-Performing Animals Act, ilindele ukuqhubela phambili kweSebe. Ukucwangciswa, ukuJongwa nokuVavanywa ukuqhuba okufunekayo uvavanyo lwempembelelo kwezentlalo noqoqosho.
The I-NSPCA yangenisa ingxelo yayo kwiKomiti yeeNgcebiso ye-HLP Ngomhla we-15 kuJuni 2020. IKomiti yeMicimbi yeSebe lezoBume beNdalo, amaHlathi nezokuLoba izakufumana uluvo oluvela kwi-DEFF kunye ne-DALRRD malunga noMthetho weNtlalo-ntle yezeNdalo kunye nezilungiso kuMthetho woKhuseleko lweNyama ngomhla wama-25 kuAgasti 2020. Ngoku ke linda ubone.
Cuthbert Ncube ovela kwi IBhodi yezoKhenketho yaseAfrika wachaza uxanduva ushishino lokhenketho nokhenketho olunalo ekukhuseleni iingonyama nezinye izilwanyana zasendle.
Umbhali: Iga Motylska
INTO ONOKUYITHATHA KWELI NQAKU:
- While this number increased to 1 500 the following year, it was reduced to 800 skeletons in 2018 thanks to NSPCA's successful litigation, wherein Judge Kollapen ruled that all government departments are legally obligated to consider animal welfare in the setting of a lion bone quota.
- In August 2018, after a Colloquium on Captive Lion Breeding for Hunting in South Africa, Parliament resolved that legislation should be introduced with a view to ending captive lion breeding in the country.
- The responsibility for the welfare of captive wildlife straddles the mandates of the DEFF and the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development (DALRRD).
