Umntu kunye neNdalo. UMntu weUNESCO kunye neNkqubo yeBiosphere

Ekubeni iChina yajoyina iNkqubo ye-UNESCO yeMntu kunye ne-Biosphere (MAB), ngokukodwa isiseko seKomiti yeSizwe yaseTshayina yeNkqubo ye-MAB (MAB China), ukuphunyezwa kwe-MAB kuye kwadlala indima efanelekileyo ekugcinweni kwezinto eziphilayo, ukusetyenziswa ngokuzinzileyo kwemithombo yendalo, ukwakhiwa kwemvelo. impucuko kunye neTshayina enhle, kunye nophuhliso lophando lwendalo e-China, u-Wang Ding, unobhala jikelele we-MAB China, mva nje uthi kwinqaku elipapashwe kwi-Bulletin ye-Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Kwinqaku lakhe elithi "Ukulungelelanisa ubudlelwane phakathi koLuntu kunye neNdalo kunye nokuPhumelela uPhuhliso oluZinzileyo: iNkqubo ye-UNESCO kunye neNkqubo ye-Biosphere e-China," uWang uphonononga inkqubela phambili yokuphunyezwa kwe-MAB e-China, uhlalutya iingxaki kunye nemingeni, kwaye wenza iziphakamiso ngokubhekiselele iimfuno ezikhulayo zolawulo lwendalo esingqongileyo kunye nokwakha uluntu lwekamva ekwabelwana ngalo kubo bonke ubomi emhlabeni ngentsebenziswano phakathi koluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe.

Ebudeni beminyaka yee-1950 noo-1960, ungcoliseko nokukhuselwa kwendalo ngokuthe ngcembe kwatsala umdla wabantu. Ngo-1971, uRené Maheu, owayesakuba ngumlawuli jikelele we-UNESCO, waqala ngokumisela iNkqubo ye-MAB kwihlabathi kwiNdibano Jikelele ye-UNESCO. I-China yajoyina le nkqubo kwi-1973, kwaye iKomiti yeSizwe yaseTshayina ye-UNESCO's Man kunye neNkqubo ye-Biosphere (MAB China) yasekwa kwi-1978, ngenkxaso ye-Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) ngokubambisana namanye amasebe abandakanyeka kulawulo lwendalo esingqongileyo. ulondolozo, amahlathi, ezolimo, imfundo, ulwandle kunye nomoya, njalo njalo. Ukususela ngoko, i-MAB yaseChina iye yaqhuba uphando oluhlukeneyo oludibanisa ixabiso le-UNESCO-MAB kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa kwendalo e-China.

Ngokutsho kwenqaku, i-China ngoku yakha, ekuphela kwayo emhlabeni, inethiwekhi yayo yokugcinwa kwe-biosphere yesizwe, kwaye yenza ukhuseleko lwendalo olucebileyo kunye nezenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo ezisekelwe kuthungelwano. Itotali yeendawo zendalo ezikhuselweyo ezingama-34, ezifana neChangbaishan Nature Reserve eJilin, iDinghushan Nature Reserve eGuangdong kunye neWolong Nature Reserve eSichuan zichongwe njengoovimba bebhayoloji yehlabathi yiUNESCO, nenani lilonke libekwe kwindawo yokuqala eAsia. "La magcino abonisa izinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo kunye nolondolozo lwendalo, ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kwemithombo yendalo, kunye nokuhlola umda kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe ekuphuhliseni ngokubambisana kweendawo ezikhuselweyo kunye noluntu olujikelezileyo," utshilo uWang.

Ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo iqonga lokutshintshiselana lamazwe ngamazwe le-MAB kunye nokwandisa ngakumbi impembelelo ye-MAB e-China, i-Chinese Biosphere Reserves Network (CBRN) yasungulwa ngo-1993. Ama-2020 ekhulwini kuyo yayiyeyendalo yolondolozo lwendalo, ethabatha ama-185 ekhulwini ayo yonke indalo yolondolozo lwendalo eTshayina. Olu nxibelelwano lubandakanya phantse zonke iintlobo eziphambili ze-ikhosistim kunye neendawo ezikhuselweyo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo elizweni. "Inethiwekhi ibamba iisemina zoqeqesho kunye neminye imisebenzi yokutshintshiselana rhoqo ngonyaka, ibe yenye yeendawo eziphambili zokutshintshiselana kwesebe kunye ne-inter-disciplinary yeendawo zendalo ezikhuselweyo," ubhala uWang.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba i-CBRN yinethiwekhi yokuqala yelizwe ehambelana ne-world biosphere reserves network (WBRN), kwaye lo msebenzi wobuvulindlela uye waxatyiswa kakhulu yi-UNESCO. Eli nyathelo likhuthaze i-UNESCO ukwakha uthungelwano lommandla kunye nothungelwano lwemixholo yogcino lwebhayosphere yehlabathi, eyathi, kwinqanaba elithile, yasasaza ubulumko baseTshayina kwihlabathi. Kwi-1996, i-MAB China yanikezelwa i-Fred M. Packard Award (enye yeembasa ezibalulekileyo zamazwe ngamazwe kulondolozo lwendalo) yiManyano yeZizwe ngezizwe yoLondolozo lweNdalo (IUCN), kwaye esona sizathu siphambili sokufumana ibhaso kukusekwa kweCBRN ukukhuthaza. uqheliselo olubanzi lwe-MAB,” uqhubeka.

U-Wang udiza ukuba izenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo ezityebileyo zenziwa kwiindawo zolondolozo lwendalo. Umzekelo, unxulumano phakathi kweendawo zolondolozo lwendalo kunye noluntu olungqongileyo luye lwaphuculwa ukukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo, kwaye ukhenketho olusemgangathweni luye lwakhuthazwa ukukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo. Njengenkqubo yenzululwazi yehlabathi jikelele, i-MAB ixhase inani elikhulu leeprojekthi zophando, kwaye yaququzelela kwaye yaphumeza inani leeprojekthi zophando kunye nokubeka iliso ngokusebenzisana nemibutho ethile enegunya ekhaya nakumazwe angaphandle ukususela kwiminyaka yee-1980. Ingcamango yemvisiswano phakathi komntu kunye nendalo iye yasasazwa ngamajelo eendaba emveli kunye namatsha, kwaye kukho uluhlu lwemisebenzi yoqeqesho ukuphucula ukuxhotyiswa kwamandla oovimba.

Nangona impumelelo enkulu, uWang ukhankanya, kusekho imingeni ekuphumezeni inkqubo eTshayina. "Ngokukodwa, iya kuba ngumsebenzi omkhulu kwi-China ukunika umdlalo opheleleyo kwiinzuzo kunye nokwenza ukusilela kwixesha lasemva kobhubhane kunye nokwakhiwa kwenkqubo yendawo yendalo ekhuselweyo elawulwa ziipaki zelizwe," ubonisa. "I-MAB yaseTshayina iya kwenza iinzame zokukhuthaza uphuhliso olungcono lwe-UNESCO-MAB e-China kwiinkalo ezintathu."

Eyokuqala kukomeleza indima ephambili yezenzululwazi. "Kuyimfuneko ukuqhubeka nokudlala indima ekhokelayo nexhasayo yesayensi kunye netekhnoloji kunye neengenelo zeqela letalente ye-CAS." Ukwacebisa ukomeleza intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe ukukhuthaza utshintshiselwano phakathi kweTshayina nehlabathi. “Kwelinye icala, siza kuqhubeka nokudlulisela ingcamango ehambele phambili yamazwe ngamazwe yokulawula indalo eTshayina; kwelinye icala, siza kusasaza amava eTshayina kulwakhiwo lwamva nje lwempucuko yendalo kunye nobulumko baseTshayina kwihlabathi liphela,” utshilo. Isiphakamiso sakhe sesithathu kukunika umdlalo othe kratya kwiingcali zemimandla ehambelanayo kunye nokuqokelela ubulumko bokwakha uluntu lwekamva ekwabelwana ngalo kubo bonke ubomi emhlabeni.