Irhafu yewayini ngaphandle kokumelwa nguKhenketho okanye abakhenkethi

UBen Aneff
UBen Aneff kwirhafu yewayini

Uluhlu lweerhafu lubekwe kumngeniso ovela kumazwe aliqela aseYurophu ngulowo wayesakuba nguMongameli uTrump ochaphazela eyona nto iphambili kwezokhenketho nakumashishini ahambelana nokuhamba.

  1. I-COVID-19 icel'umngeni kuye wonke umntu nakwicandelo ngalinye; Nangona kunjalo, iivenkile zokutyela ziphinda zibethwe ngesabhokhwe zizenzo zikarhulumente.
  2. IBhunga leMimoya eliDibeneyo, iqela loshishino, laliphazanyiswe kakhulu ngumdla wolawulo lukaTrump ekubekeni irhafu kwiwayini.
  3. I-US Wine Trade Alliance iququzelele umanyano lwabapheki kunye neendawo zokutyela ukunyanzelisa abaphathi beBiden ukuba bayeke umbono werhafu eyongezelelweyo kuthengiso lwewayini ngaphakathi.

Irhafu kwimveliso esiyithandayo nesiyifunayo ayisoze ithandwe. Xa kuziwa ekunyuseni amaxabiso ewayini ngenxa yerhafu ye wayini, kunokwenzeka ukuba sibenamandla. Mhlawumbi ishishini lewayini elingeniswe elizweni laba yirhafu ekujoliswe kuyo ngexesha lolawulo lokugqibela kuba umntu owayehlala e-White House wakhetha iCoke kunewayini ehlwahlwazayo okanye eRiesling; ukuba ukhetho lwesiselo ebesele luhlukile, iirhafu zisenokuba ziwele kumanzi okanye kumzi mveliso wesiselo esinxilisayo endaweni yoko.

Impikiswano yorhwebo

IOfisi yoMmeli wezoRhwebo wase-US (i-USTR) inyanzelise irhafu yeepesenti ezingama-25 kuninzi lweewayini ezithunyelwe zivela eFrance, eJamani, eSpain nase-UK ukuqala ngo-Okthobha u-2019 ukuziphindezela ngengxabano yenkxaso-moya yexesha elide phakathi kwe-US ne-European Union. kubandakanya iBoeing (Chicago) kunye neAirbus (Leiden, Netherlands). Ukunyusa amaxabiso ngeepesenti ezingama-25 kuqikelelwa ukuba kuzonyusa amaxabiso e-US kwiidiliya zewayini nge-avareji yeepesenti ezi-2.6, kunye namaxabiso abavelisi beewayini ezisezibhotileni nge-1.1. Ipesenti kumazwe ekujoliswe kuwo. Uluhlu lwerhafu luyasebenza ngoku.

I-United States ngoyena mntu ungenisa iwayini yaseFrance ngobuninzi kwaye urhulumente wase-US okhokelwa nguTrump ucebise ngerhafu eyongezelelweyo yeepesenti ezili-100 kwiChampagne yaseFrance nakwezinye iwayini ezibengezelayo. UMongameli uTrump wayengumlandeli omkhulu werhafu nangona oqoqosho bejonga olu hlobo lwerhafu njengomthwalo kubangenisi abadluliselwa kubathengi ngohlobo lwamaxabiso aphezulu kwirejista yemali. Ngethamsanqa kubalandeli bewayini baseFrance, olu rhafu aluzange luphunyezwe; Nangona kunjalo, iirhafu ezingama-25 esele zenziwe kwiwayini zaseYurophu zinokunyuswa kwaye ngoku kuyaxoxwa eWashington.

Iinqwelomoya vs. Iidiliya

IBhunga leMimoya eliDibeneyo, iqela lemizi-mveliso, laliphazanyiswe kakhulu ngumdla wolawulo lukaTrump ekubekeni irhafu kwiwayini, ebuza ukufaneleka kokutsala ishishini lokubuka iindwendwe kwimpikiswano yezorhwebo engadibaniyo.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuba i-Itali kunye newayini ehlwahlwazayo ayifakwanga kuluhlu lwababethwayo njengoko yayinyanzeliswa kwiewayini ezisasele zifakwe kwizikhongozeli ezingaphantsi kweelitha ezimbini kunye nomxholo wotywala ongaphantsi kweepesenti ezili-14. Ukuba iwayini zithunyelwe kwizikhongozeli ezinkulu okanye ezona zininzi kwaye zine-ABV ephezulu… ziphawulwe ngoXOXO.

Ngo-2020, uMmeli wezoRhwebo wase-United States (i-USTR) uthathe isigqibo sokuphinda ubuye kwimizi-mveliso yewayini kwaye wayibetha ngeerhafu ezongezelelweyo. Ngoba? Impikiswano ye-Airbus yayimile. Ulawulo lukaTrump aluzange luvuyele ukukhubaza amazwe athile kunye newayini ezithile, ngoku bebefuna ukubetha onke amalungu e-European Union kwaye bazise zonke iindidi zewayini phantsi kwesambulela sentlawulo (ulibale malunga nobungakanani bephakheji okanye umxholo wotywala).

Abameli beshishini lewayini babengonwabanga kwaye bemi kwimigqomo yabo yewayini, bephikisana nesicelo sokunyanzela iiTrumps ukuba zibuye umva kwisindululo. Nangona abameli beerhafu zeTrump ngoku bengaphandle kweNdlu yeWhite House, bashiye isoyikiso sokwanda kweerhafu etafileni kwaye umthetho osalindelweyo ufuna ukwandisa irhafu kuzo zonke iwayini zaseYurophu ezinokubuyela kwiimfuno zeepesenti ezili-100.

Iziphumo zerhafu kumaxabiso aphezulu abaThengi

Zenza ntoni iirhafu Ukusetyenziswa kwewayini? Ukutshaja umrhumo owongezelelekileyo wama-25 eepesenti kwiwayini zaseYurophu kwiimarike ezibuthathaka zamaxabiso ezikhoyo ngoku kunciphisa ibango kwaye amazwe akuTrump hitlist afumana ukuhla ngeepesenti ezingama-32 kwingeniso. Ngamanye amaxesha, abavelisi bamanye amazwe bawanciphisile amaxabiso abo kwaye babelana ngeentlungu kunye nabangenisi babo baseMelika abathi, ekupheleni kosuku, babe noxanduva lokuhlawula irhafu. Iziphumo zayo yonke le meko yezopolitiko yewayini? Iwayini ezisuka eFrance, eJamani, eSpain nase United Kingdom zingaphantsi komgangatho kunonyaka ophelileyo ucebisa ukuba kubekho utshintsho kwimixube yemveliso ukuya kwiwayini ezinamaxabiso asezantsi ezigcina iiwayini ezingcono, ezibiza kakhulu, kwintengiso yase-US.

Khala. Isiselo somdiliya

I-COVID-19 icel'umngeni kuye wonke umntu nakwicandelo ngalinye; Nangona kunjalo, isibetho esikhulu nesonakalisayo senziwe ngokukodwa ngokuchasene nomzi mveliso wezokhenketho, iivenkile zokutyela ziphindaphindwe ngokubethwa zizenzo zoorhulumente.

Ngenxa yobhubhane oqale ekuqaleni kuka-2020, ishishini lokhenketho layeka. Ngenxa yemilinganiselo yokuphambuka eluntwini kunye nononophelo ngokubanzi kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke, abathengi bebesitya kancinci kwaye ukwehla konyaka-kwi-diners e-US bekungama-64.68 epesenti ukusukela nge-13 kaJanuwari 2021 (statista.com). Ngokubanzi, indawo yokutyela iyonke kunye nokuthengiswa kwenkonzo yokutya beziphantsi kwe- $ 240 yezigidigidi ukusuka kumanqanaba alindelekileyo ngo-2020 kwaye oku kubandakanya ukunqongophala kwentengiso kwiindawo zokutya nokusela, kunye nokuncitshiswa okukhulu kwenkcitho kwimisebenzi yokutya kumacandelo afana nokulala, ubugcisa / ukonwaba / ukuzonwabisa , imfundo, ukhathalelo lwempilo kunye nevenkile (irestyu.org).

Umzi mveliso wase-US otywala uphulukene nemisebenzi ephantse ibe ngama-93,000 kunye ne-3.8 yezigidigidi kumvuzo. Xa abaphathi bezopolitiko bengafumani sizathu sokwanda kosulelo lwe-COVID kunye nokusweleka, batyhola ukusasazeka kwiivenkile zokutyela nakwiindawo zentselo. Ngaphandle kophando kunye nesayensi ukumisela ukusebenza kunye nokunyaniseka kokuqwalaselwa kwabo, iivenkile zokutyela kunye nemivalo ziye zasiwa kwindawo yokuqala kuluhlu LUNGAHAMBI, oko kuzisa ishishini emadolweni, ngokuka-Ben Aneff, uMongameli we-US Wine Trade Alliance kunye noMlawuli oPhetheyo, abathengisi beWayini iTribeca eNew York.

Ukuthintelwa kweendawo zokutyela kunye nemivalo kuye kwanefuthe kubasasazi bewayini e-US kukhokelela kwilahleko yeepesenti ezingama-50-60 zeentengiso zabo. Ngokufumba umthwalo owongezelelweyo werhafu, kuyakubakho amathuba amancinci kwimizi emininzi yeewayini ukuze iphile kwindawo yentengiso enokhuphiswano oluninzi. U-Aneff ufumanisa ukuba umrhumo osongelayo "ngowona mngcipheko mkhulu kwishishini lewayini ukusukela oko kwalelwa."

U-Aneff unethemba lokuba abaphathi be-Biden bayakuyijonga kwakhona inkqubo yangoku yerhafu kwaye baphume bayokuxhasa ishishini le wayini njengoko amashishini enzakele ngenxa yerhafu ayizizo iinkampani ezinkulu ezinje nge-Boeing ngentengo yemarike ye-120 yezigidigidi kodwa iyabenzakalisa abavelisi bewayini eFrance kunye Jemani.

Umdibaniso woRhwebo lweWayini laseMelika

Ukujongana noluhlu lwamaxabiso kwiwayini engeniswe elizweni kwixesha elizayo WorldTourismNetworkIncoko ye-ZOOM yokuhamba noGqr. Elinor Garely, Intatheli yoPhando nge-eTN, nguBen Aneff, uMongameli we-US Wine Trade Alliance (USWTA) kunye noMphathi weQabane le-Tribeca Wine Merchants kwisiXeko saseNew York. Phambi kokuseka umbutho, u-Aneff wayebandakanyekile ekuxhaseni uMbutho weSizwe wabathengisi bewayini, ekhokela iingxoxo malunga neerhafu kunye nobungqina ngeziphumo zerhafu phambi kweKhomishini yoRhwebo yeHlabathi.

UAneff wayefunda kwiYunivesithi yaseTexas Tech apho wayeyintloko kwezomculo (1999-2004) kwaye wafumana isidanga sakhe seMasters kwiMculo kwiKholeji yaseIthaca (2004-2006). Ukunxibelelana kwakhe newayini kwaqala eBerlin, eJamani, apho wayenguMcebisi weWayini elungileyo. Ngo-2009, waba nguMlawuli weNtengiso kwii-Tribeca Wine Merchants, esiba liQabane elilawulayo ngo-2014.

Umanyano luququzelele umanyano lwabapheki kunye neendawo zokutyela ukunyanzelisa ulawulo lweBiden ukuba lushiye umbono werhafu eyongezelelweyo kuthengiso lwewayini ngaphakathi. Ukutya kunye neziselo kunye neengcali zokutyela baphendule kumzamo ngokuthumela iileta ezingaphezu kwama-2000 ezivela kumazwe angama-50 zicela ukususwa kweerhafu.

Ngolwazi olongezelelweyo ngeerhafu zewayini, nxibelelana: Nguyen-ngingxunline.org

© UGqirha Elinor Garely. Inqaku lelungelo lokushicilela, kubandakanya iifoto, alinakuphinda liveliswe ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo evela kumbhali.

# ulwakhiwo

Malunga nombhali

I-Avatar kaGqr. Elinor Garely - ekhethekileyo kwi-eTN kunye nomhleli oyintloko, wines.travel

UGqirha Elinor Garely-okhethekileyo kwi-eTN kunye nomhleli oyintloko, iewayini

Yabelana ku...