Uthembekile kwimvelaphi kwaye, ngokwesithethe esivela kwintando yeSt. Francis ukuvuselela kwindawo yendalo ukuzalwa kweBhetelehem kunye nabalinganiswa bokwenyani: abelusi, abalimi, abachwephesha, abancinci, kunye nabahloniphekileyo bonke ababandakanyekayo kwi-re-actment eyenzeka. eGreccio ngobusuku beKrisimesi yonyaka we-1223. UGreccio (idolophu encinci yeenduli kwiphondo laseRieti, kwiNgingqi yaseLazio), iBaia kunye neLatina, iborgo (ilali) kwiNgingqi yaseCampania (iPhondo laseNaples) yamkele iSt. Francis ilifa ngokubhiyozela. umsitho kunye nokudibanisa: "I-Living-Itinerant Christmas Crib" ukusukela kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo.
Umthwalo wombutho unzima kwiKomiti esisigxina eyenziwe ngabantu abatsha basekuhlaleni, abazinikela ngokuzithandela ekukhuthazeni indawo, inkcubeko kunye nezithethe zayo, kwaye ibala kubadlali be-400 abahambahambayo kuquka nomkhosi wamajoni angama-40 aseRoma, ekhokelwa ngumbutho. umthetheli-khulu, ephahlwe ngamajoni akhwele amahashe.
Umngcelele oziikhilomitha ezimbini ubude uhamba kancinane kwaye ngolonwabo kwilali eyakhiwe ngokutsha njengeBhetelehem yakudala, enezindlu kunye nabalinganiswa belo xesha. Lo mngcelele ulandela uhambo oluyilelwe ukuqaqambisa izithuba ezingama-71 apho amagcisa, abavelisi beemveliso kunye nabathengisi, abelusi kunye nokunye, babonwa besenza imisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla, kubandakanywa neentsuku zakudala “zabafazi bendlu yolonwabo”. Uninzi lwemisebenzi yamagcisa isekhona nanamhlanje.
Izandi zentambula, ibhegi, iaccordion kunye namavumba okupheka anegalelo ekwenzeni umsitho wonwabe kwikona nganye. Hostarias zivulelekile kwakhona kwiindwendwe, abadibanisa kumngcelele, ukujoyina isiselo sewayini okanye ukutyelela iindawo apho oomama abadala basebenza kwimveliso yetshizi, ukuhluza ubusi njl. Ukubandakanywa okutsha ngokupheleleyo kolu hlelo kuya kuba bubukho. yamagcisa: “abacimi bomlilo” kunye “nabagigithekayo” kunye nomboniso wamagcisa asekuhlaleni kwindlela yelali.
Abahlali kunye neendwendwe balandela usapho oluNgcwele ukuya emqolombeni.
Ukumelwa komhambisi wonyaka e-Baia naseLatina kuthetha ukuba ungagxininisi kuphela iikona ezifihliweyo okanye ezingahoywayo zelizwe kodwa kunye nokuphucula ubugcisa, ubugcisa kunye nezithethe zendawo eziye zalahleka okanye zisengozini.
Iindwendwe ezizimase lo msitho ziyamenywa ukuba zinxibelelane nolwakhiwo ngokutsha lweqonga kunye nabalinganiswa kwizinxibo zamandulo ezibaphilisayo, ekugqibeleni baba yinxalenye yendalo engqongileyo ngokundwendwela iivenkile, iithaveni, izindlu zabucala, iindawo zokubhaka kunye nezinye iindawo zokubuka. umsebenzi owenziwe ngamagcisa okanye ukwakhiwa kwakhona kobomi basekhaya babantu abahluphekayo kodwa bokwenene, kwaye ungcamle ezinye zeemveliso eziqhelekileyo zendawo (ezihlala zithembekile kwiiresiphi zakudala) ezilungiselelwe phambi kwamehlo abo.
Ukumelwa okunyanzelisayo nokwantlandlolo, okwahlukileyo kuzo zonke imiboniso yokuzalwa ephilayo, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwabemi belali abalandela idonki kunye neSt. Joseph noMariya ekungeneni kwabo eBhetelehem, umboniso okhethekileyo wenziwa kwilali ephakathi yekomkhulu laseBaia apho okusingqongileyo iye yahlala ingatshintshi kangangeenkulungwane ezithile.
Ukubonakaliswa kwesiganeko sembali-ubugcisa-inkcubeko, ekhethekileyo ngohlobo lwayo, iphuhlisa umdla kwi-panorama yelizwe. Injongo kukukhuthaza ulwazi kunye nokwandisa okungasetyenziswanga okanye okungasetyenziswanga ngokwaneleyo
izixhobo zoMmandla weCampania. Umbhiyozo onobuchule obalaselisa ukukhula kwedolophana encinane ukutyhubela eyona mbali yakudala eyaziwa ngumntu wonke ehlabathini: “Indawo awazalelwa kuyo uYesu.”
Ulwazi: I-Baia e Latina yidolophu yase-Italiya enabemi be-2.158 kwiphondo laseCaserta kwingingqi yaseCampania (iNaples inkulu yephondo). Ineengcambu zayo kwixesha lamandulo, elikhumbuza ukufika kwama-Etruscans, amaSamnites, kwaye ekugqibeleni amaRoma ashiya ubungqina obubalulekileyo bobukho bawo kule ndawo.
Isiganeko senzeka nge-29 kunye ne-30 kaDisemba ukusuka kwi-18 ukuya kwi-22.30. Ngexesha leengokuhlwa ezimbini, iindawo zokutya ziya kusekwa, kunye nokungcamla ukutya okuqhelekileyo kwasekhaya kunye neziselo, kunye nemarike encinci yezikhumbuzo.
Imbali yokuZalwa kweTaliyane
Ukusukela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesine, ukuZalwa kuphathiswe ukuphefumlelwa okufuziselayo kwawona magcisa adumileyo abandakanyeka kwifrescoes, imizobo, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo, iiseramikhi, isilivere, iimpondo zendlovu kunye neglasi edayiweyo ehombisa iicawa kunye nezindlu ezinkulu ezibekekileyo okanye abaxhasi abazizityebi kulo lonke elaseYurophu. . Phakathi kwabaculi bavela amagama kaGiotto, Filippo Lippi, Piero Della Francesca, Perugino, Dürer, Rembrandt, Poussin, Zurbaran, Murillo, Correggio, Rubens, kunye nabanye abaninzi.
Kumzekelo wokuqala womboniso ongaphiliyo wokuzalwa kukaYesu de kwaphakathi kwiminyaka yee-1400, amagcisa abonisa imifanekiso eqingqiweyo eyenziwe ngomthi okanye yomthi owenziwe ngeterracotta phambi kwendawo epeyintiweyo engasemva ebonisa umfanekiso wokuZalwa kukaYesu oboniswe ezicaweni ngexesha leKrismesi.
Ngokusasazeka ebukumkanini baseNaples nguCharles weSithathu wobukhosi baseBourbon, kunye nakwamanye amazwe ase-Italiya, ngenkulungwane ye-17 neye-18, amagcisa aseNeapolitan anika umboniso ongcwele umfanekiso wendalo ofaka ukuZalwa kukaYesu kwindawo yaseCampania eyakhiwe ngokutsha. kumakrozo obomi abona abalinganiswa bezidwangube, oohlohlesakhe kunye nabantu abamelwe kwimisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla okanye ngamaxesha okuzonwabisa: kwiithaveni ukuya kwisidlo okanye ekubandakanyekeni kwimidaniso nakwiiserenade.
Ukususela kwinkulungwane edluleyo, ngokuthe ngcembe isithethe seCrib siye sathatyathelw’ indawo yifashoni yomthi ohonjiswe ngezibane neemvakalelo zonqulo ezixubana nezo zezorhwebo, isihendo esingenakukhanyelwa esicetywa ziimarike ezazalelwa kwindawo ekwakubhiyozelwa kuyo iKrismesi, sikhumbula umbhalo weBhayibhile. "Yabarhwebi eTempileni".
Kuphela ziicawe kunye noluntu oluncinci olufana neeLali ezigcina isithethe namhlanje kwaye zinyuka ukuze zizibeke kukhuphiswano lwamanqanaba: isono samampunge, esingahambelani ncam neempawu zombhiyozo wenkolo.
INTO ONOKUYITHATHA KWELI NQAKU:
- Iindwendwe ezizimase lo msitho ziyamenywa ukuba zinxibelelane nolwakhiwo ngokutsha lweqonga kunye nabalinganiswa kwizinxibo zamandulo ezibaphilisayo, ekugqibeleni baba yinxalenye yendalo engqongileyo ngokundwendwela iivenkile, iithaveni, izindlu zabucala, iindawo zokubhaka kunye nezinye iindawo zokubuka. umsebenzi owenziwe ngamagcisa okanye ukwakhiwa kwakhona kobomi basekhaya babantu abahluphekayo kodwa bokwenene, kwaye ungcamle ezinye zeemveliso eziqhelekileyo zendawo (ezihlala zithembekile kwiiresiphi zakudala) ezilungiselelwe phambi kwamehlo abo.
- Umthwalo wombutho unzima kwiKomiti esisigxina eyenziwe ngabantu abatsha basekuhlaleni, abazinikela ngokuzithandela ekukhuthazeni indawo, inkcubeko kunye nezithethe zayo, kwaye ibala kubadlali be-400 abahambahambayo kuquka nomkhosi wamajoni angama-40 aseRoma, ekhokelwa ngumbutho. umthetheli-khulu, ephahlwe ngamajoni akhwele amahashe.
- From the fourteenth century, the Nativity is entrusted to the figurative inspiration of the most famous artists who engage in frescoes, paintings, sculptures, ceramics, silver, ivories and stained glass that embellish churches and mansions of nobility or wealthy patrons of the whole of Europe.
