The British Indian Ocean Territory (IBIOTyintsimi yase-Bhritane phesheya kwe-United Kingdom emi kuLwandlekazi lwase-Indiya phakathi kweTanzania ne-Indonesia. IMauritius ifuna ulawulo lwento ebizwe sisiqithi sase-Indian Ocean Island ngokuba yindawo engekho mthethweni.
Ummandla wase-Bhritane uneziqithi ezisixhenxe zeChagos Archipelago ezineziqithi ezingaphezu kwe-1,000 60-ezininzi zincinci kakhulu-ezilingana nomhlaba wonke we-23 yeekhilomitha (XNUMX sq mi). Esona siqithi sikhulu kunye nezona zisemazantsi yi-Diego Garcia kwaye ibambe indawo edibeneyo yomkhosi e-United Kingdom nase-United States.
Abagwebi kwiNkundla yezoBulungisa yaMazwe ngaMazwe baqala ukuva iingxoxo zoluvo lokucebisa i-UN General Assembly icele ukuba semthethweni kolawulo lwaseBritane kwiiChagos Islands. Esona siqithi sikhulu, iDiego Garcia, sigcine isiseko sase-US ukusukela nge1970s.
Amagosa aphuma kwisizwe esisisiqithi soLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya iMauritius uxelele iijaji zeZizwe eziManyeneyo ukuba igunya langaphambili lobukoloniyali iBritani-yaxhobisa ngamandla iinkokheli zayo kwisiqingatha senkulungwane eyadlulayo ukuba inikezele ngomhlaba njengemeko yenkululeko, ibango elinokuba nefuthe kumkhosi obalulekileyo wase-US. isiseko.
"Inkqubo yokwehliswa kwelizwe iMauritius ihleli ingagqitywanga ngenxa yokungena ngokungekho mthethweni kwinxalenye yommandla wethu ngaphambi kwenkululeko," utshilo uMphathiswa Wezokhuseleko eMauritius u-Anerood Jugnauth.
IMauritius ithi i-Chagos archipelago yayiyinxalenye yommandla wayo ukusukela kwinkulungwane ye-18 kwaye yathathwa ngokungekho mthethweni yi-UK ngo-1965, iminyaka emithathu ngaphambi kokuba esi siqithi sifumane inkululeko. I-Bhritane inyanzelisa ukuba inegunya phezu kweziqithi, ezibiza ngokuba yiBritish Indian Ocean Territory.
UJugnauth wangqina ukuba ngexesha lothethathethwano lwenkululeko, u-Nkulumbuso wase-Bhritane u-Harold Wilson uxelele inkokheli ye-Mauritius ngelo xesha, u-Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, ukuba "yena noogxa bakhe bangabuyela eMauritius ngokuzimela okanye ngaphandle kwayo kwaye esona sisombululo sisiso sonke inkululeko nokuzimela (kwiiChagos Islands) ngesivumelwano. ”
URamgoolam wawaqonda amazwi kaWilson "ukuba abe kwimeko yesoyikiso," utshilo uJugnauth.
Ummeli Jikelele wase-Bhritane u-Robert Buckland ulichaze eli tyala njengempikiswano yamazwe amabini malunga nobukhosi kwaye wabongoza inkundla ukuba inganikeli uluvo lweengcebiso.
U-Buckland ukwaphikisile ibango laseMauritius malunga nokunyanzelwa, ecaphula u-Ramgoolam esithi emva kwesivumelwano ukuba ukuzimela kwiziqithi ze-Chagos "yinto ekuxoxiswene ngayo."
I-UK ityikitye isivumelwano kunye ne-US kwi-1966 yokusebenzisa lo mmandla ngeenjongo zokukhusela. I-United States igcina isiseko apho senqwelomoya kunye neenqanawa kwaye ixhase iBritane kwimpikiswano yezomthetho neMauritius.
Nangona kunjalo, uJugnauth uthe isiseko masingachaphazelwa libango lelizwe lakhe nxamnye neBritane.
"IMauritius icacile ukuba isicelo soluvo lokucebisa asijoliswanga ekubuzeni ubukho beziko lika-Diego Garcia," uxelele iijaji ze-UN. "IMauritius iyabuqonda ubukho bayo kwaye iphindaphinda ukuyenza yacaca e-United States nakulawulo lwamandla ukuba iyalamkela ikamva lesiseko."
Abameli abavela kwizizwe ezingama-20, kubandakanya i-US, kunye neManyano ye-Afrika kufanelekile ukuba bathethe kwityala.
Abagwebi kulindeleke ukuba bathathe iinyanga ukukhupha izimvo zabo kwiingcebiso ezimbini: Ngaba inkqubo yohluthiso lweMauritius yagqitywa ngokusemthethweni ngo-1968 kwaye zithini iziphumo phantsi komthetho wamazwe aphesheya kulawulo lwase-UK, kubandakanya nokubanakho ukuhlalisa kwakhona abahlali baseChagos kwiziqithi?
I-Bhritane yagxotha malunga nabantu abayi-2,000 1960 abasuka kwiziqithi ze-Chagos kwii-1970s kunye nee-XNUMXs ke umkhosi wase-US wakha isiseko somoya ku-Diego Garcia. Abemi besi siqithi bathunyelwa eSeychelles naseMauritius, kwaye uninzi lwabo lwaphinde lwahlala e-UK
I-Chagossians ilwile kwiinkundla zase-Bhritane iminyaka ibuyela kwiziqithi. Iqela elincinci lama-Chagossia liqhankqalaze ngaphandle kwenkundla ngoMvulo liphethe izibhengezo kubandakanya leyo ibisithi: "Chagossian kwedini ukukhusela umhlaba kodwa umvuzo wethu kukufa kancinci".
Omnye uChagossian, uMarie Liseby Elyse, urekhode ividiyo eboniswe kwiijaji. Kuyo, ukhumbula ethathwa ngephenyane kwisiqithi sakowabo.
"Sasifana nezilwanyana kunye namakhoboka kuloo nqanawa," utshilo. Abantu babefa lusizi. ”
UBuckland uvakalise ukuzisola okunzulu kweBritane ngendlela amaChagossians asuswe ngayo.
I-Bhritane, "iyayamkela ngokupheleleyo indlela ama-Chagossians asuswe ngayo kwi-Chagos Archipelago kwaye indlela abaphathwe ngayo emva koko yayihlazo kwaye ingaphezulu, utshilo.
Kwelinye inqaku epapashwe kwilizwekazi laseAfrika kweli tyala lomhlaba kubikwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo-
Umnumzana Anerood Jugnauth GCSK, KCMG, QC Umphathiswa Mentor, uMphathiswa wezoKhuselo, Umphathiswa Rodrigues, wavula ukuxoxwa ngomlomo phambi kweNkundla yezoBulungisa yeHlabathi izolo e-The Hague, eNetherlands ngesicelo seNgcebiso yeNgcebiso malunga neziphumo zomthetho zokwahlukana iChagos Archipelago esuka eMauritius ngo-1965.
Oomatiloshe baseMaldivian zazizazi kakuhle iiChagos Islands. Kwi-lore yaseMaldivian, baziwa njenge UFōlhavahi or Holhavai (Igama lokugqibela kuMazantsi eMaldives akumazantsi). Ngokwesiko laseMaldivian elisemazantsi, abathengisi kunye nabalobi ngamanye amaxesha babephulukana nolwandle kwaye babambeke kwesinye seziqithi zeChagos. Ekugqibeleni bahlangulwa babuyiselwa emakhaya. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ziqithi zagwetywa zikude kakhulu nesihlalo se Isithsaba saseMaldivian ukuba ihlawulwe ngokusisigxina ngabo. Ke, kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi iiChagos zazingakhathalelwanga ngabamelwane bazo basemantla.
Iziqithi ze Chagos Archipelago itshatiwe ngu UVasco da Gama Kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithandathu, emva koko yabanga ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo yiFrance njengelifa Morishiyasi. Bahlaliswa okokuqala ngenkulungwane ye-18 ngamakhoboka aseAfrika kunye neekhontrakthi zaseIndiya eziziswe ngamaFranco-Mauritius ukufumana amasimi ecoconut. Ngo-1810, iMauritius yathinjwa yi-United Kingdom, yaza i-France yanciphisa loo mmandla Umnqophiso weParis.
Ngo-1965, i-United Kingdom yahlula i-Chagos Archipelago ukusuka Morishiyasi kunye neziqithi ze IAldabra, Farquhar kwaye Ukuchitha (Des Roches) ukusuka kwi- Seytshels ukwenza iBritish Indian Ocean Territory. Injongo yayikukuvumela ukwakhiwa kwamaziko omkhosi ukuze kuxhamle i-United Kingdom ne-United States. Iziqithi zasekwa ngokusemthethweni njengommandla waphesheya kwe-United Kingdom nge-8 kaNovemba ka-1965. Ngomhla wama-23 kuJuni 1976, iAldabra, iFarquhar kunye neDesroches zabuyiselwa Seytshels ngenxa yokufumana inkululeko. Emva koko, i-BIOT ibandakanya kuphela amaqela amathandathu aphambili eziqithi ane Chagos Archipelago.
Ngo-1990, iflegi yokuqala ye-BIOT yagqitywa. Le flegi ikwanayo Union Jack, Inomfanekiso woLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya, apho zikhona iziqithi, ngohlobo lwemigca emhlophe nemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye nomthi wesundu ophakama ngaphezulu kwesithsaba saseBritane.